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Pharm CH 5

Drugs of Abuse

QuestionAnswer
abstinence Sustained avoidance of substance use.
addiction A compulsive, uncontrollable craving for and dependence on a substance to such a degree that cessation causes severe emotional, mental, or physiologic reactions.
brain reward system “pleasure center” -- an ancient system that creates the sensation of pleasure for certain behaviors necessary for survival, such as eating and sexual behavior.
chemical impairment A term used by health professionals to describe behaviors related to the effects of drugs or substances on performance.
craving Subjective need for a substance, usually experienced after decreased use or abstinence. Cue-induced craving is stimulated in the presence of situations previously associated with drug taking.
cross-tolerance
cue-induced craving
dependence
detoxification
drug abuse
drug addiction defined and considered drug use inconsistent with medical or social norms. It generally refers to an overindulgence of a chemical substance that results in a negative impact on the psychological, physical, or social functioning of an individual.
drug misuse, generally refers to indiscriminate or recreational use of a chemical substance or its use for purposes other than those for which it is intended.
intoxication
Korsakoff's psychosis
opioids
physical dependence
potentiation
psychological dependence
relapse Return to substance use during abstinence.
tolerance, Decreased effect of a substance that results from repeated exposure. It is possible to develop cross-tolerance to other substances in the same category.
Wernicke's encephalopathy
withdrawal syndrome Constellation of physiologic and psychological responses that occur when there is abrupt cessation or reduced intake of a substance on which an individual is dependent or when the effect is counteracted by a specific antagonist.
Created by: MBO
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