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Physics exam 3
LCCC 117 Test 3
| WTF is this? | No Shit Sherlock |
|---|---|
| Incident electrons from Thermionic Emission hit the Anode at what speed? | Half the speed of light |
| Xrays have an average energy of ___ ? | 1/3 the set kVp |
| 3 Interactions of Electrons & Target | Heat, Characteristic Rays, Bremsstrahlung Rays |
| Heat is produced when __ shell electrons are excited? | Outer |
| __ Xrays have energy equal to the difference in BINDING Energies btwn K & outer shells of Target? | Characteristic |
| __ Xrays have energy equal to the Lost KINETIC Energy of the Incident electron? | Bremsstrahlung |
| Characteristic Xrays are (Heterogenous/Homogeneous) ? | Homogeneous |
| Bremsstrahlung Xrays are (Heterogenous/Homogeneous) ? | Heterogenous |
| What makes Characteristic Xrays Homogeneous? | 69.5 keV |
| Xray Spectrum Factors (5) | kVp, mA, Waveform, Target Material, Filtration |
| How does ↑ kVp affect the Xray Spectrum Curve? | ↑ kVp=↑ Quantity & ↑ Average Energy & ↑ Max (Max=kVp) |
| How does ↑ mA affect the Xray Spectrum Curve? | ↑ mA = ↑ Quantity ONLY (No affect on Avrg or Max) |
| How does ↑ Waveform affect the Xray Spectrum Curve? | ↑ Quantity & ↑ Average Energy (No affect on Max) |
| How does Target Material affect the Xray Spectrum Curve? | Characteristic energy changes so PEAK changes (17 keV vs 69.5) |
| How does ↑ Filtration affect the Xray Spectrum Curve? | ↑ Filtration = ↓ Quantity & ↑ Average Energy |
| Controlling factor of QUANTITY? | mAs |
| Controlling factor of QUALITY? | kVp |
| Interactions of Xray PHOTON & Matter? | Compton Effect, Photoelectric Effect (+Transmission) |
| Point at which Photoelectric & Compton occur EQUALLY? | 35 kVp |
| There are more __ Interactions when kVp <35? | Photoelectric (Absorption) |
| There are more __ Interactions with high kVp (ex 85)? | Transmission |
| Xray Interaction with an Outer Shell e⁻ that changes the direction of the Incident Photon? | Compton Effect |
| Compton Scatter is dependent on the __ of the Photon and has a Probability of __ ? | keV, 1/Energy |
| Photoelectric Absorption is dependent on the __ of the Photon and the __ of the Absorber ? | keV, Atomic # |
| Photoelectric Absorption has a Probability of __ ? | (1/Energy)³ - Z³ |
| Xray Interaction with a K Shell e⁻ where the Incident Photon is ABORBED and Secondary Radiation is produced? | Photoelectric Absorption |
| As kVp increase, the PROBABILITY of Compton Interactions INCREASES (T/F)? | False - Probability Decreases |
| Fluoroscopy operates in what range of mA? | 0.5-5 mA |
| Fluoro uses (High/Low) mA with a (High/Low) Patient Dose? | Low mA, High Dose |
| What Image Intensifier part is made with Cesium Iodide? | Input Phosphor |
| What Image Intensifier part is made with Zinc Cadmium Sulfide? | Output Phosphor |
| Which formula calculates the added Energy from e⁻ acceleration in the Image Intensifier? | Flux Gain |
| Flux Gain Formula | FG = Output Phosphor Light/Input Phosphor Light (FG=Out/In) |
| Minification Gain Formula | (Input Diameter/Output Diameter)² MinG=(In/Out)² |
| What calculates the system's increase of Brightness from Minification and increased Energy? | Brightness Gain |
| Brightness Gain Formula | BG=Flux Gain x Minification Gain (BG=FGxMG) |
| 1"=__ cm | 2.54 cm |
| Typical Conversion Factors for modern tubes? | 80-250 |
| Conversion Factor is __% of Brightness Gain? | 1% of BG |
| ADC, ABC, ABS systems automatically regulate __ ? | Fluoro TECHNIQUE to maintain Output Phosphor INTENSITY |
| __ has an electron gun that sends electrons to the target where they interact with incoming light from the signal plate to create a video signal? | TV Camera |
| TV Camera converts __ from the __ to an __ TV Signal? | Light, Output Phosphor, Electronic |
| What becomes the electronic TV Signal from the TV Camera? | Electrons conducted THROUGH Signal Plate |
| What modern plastic spacer fills the gap btwn the Image Intensifier & TV Camera, works as impact absorber? | Fiber Optic Coupler |
| Of the 2 main types of TV Cameras, __ & __, this is more common with less noise & better contrast? | Vidicon (Common) & Plumbicon |
| This solid state detector is an alternative to TV Camera? Often used where? | CCD, DSA (Dig Sub Angio) |
| In a CCD, __ is layered over a __? | Silicon, Thin-Film Transistor (TFT) |
| In a CCD, __ produces the electrical charge? __ stores the electrical charge? | Silicon, TFT stores |
| __ convert TV Signal to TV Image? | TV Monitor |
| TV Monitor electron beam strike the __ of the __? | Output Phosphor of Picture Tube |
| In the TV Monitor, the __ has an electron gun that adjusts the __ of electron beam in proportion to __ ? | Picture Tube, Intensity of Beam, TV Signal Intensity |
| Form of TV electron Beams? How read? | Raster Lines, Top Left to bottom Right |
| Standard TV uses __ frames per second, with __ fields? How many lines? | 30 fps, 2 fields, 525 lines |
| Radiograph taken on cassettes using the fluoroscopic tube? | Spot film |
| Recording method used cardiac cath before DSA, utilizes 35 mm film? | Cinefluorography |
| Cinefluorography uses __ from the Image Intensifier __ to expose the film? __ or pulsed xray is synchronized to camera frame rate? | Light, Output, Grid Controlled (pulsed) |
| Recording method that uses a magnetic disc to capture single frames of still video? (example) | Videodisc recorders (Last image hold/store) |
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