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physical science 16
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| heat | the transfer of the thermal energy from one object to another because of a temperature difference |
| temperature | a measure of how hot or cold an object is compared to a reference point |
| absolute zero | another reference point on the Kelvin scale |
| specific heat | the amount of heat needed to raise temperature of a gram of a material by one degree Celsius |
| calorimeter | an instrument used to measure changes in thermal energy |
| conduction | the transfer of thermal energy with no overall transfer of matter |
| thermal conductor | a material that conducts thermal energy well |
| thermal insulator | material that conducts thermal energy poorly |
| convection | the transfer of thermal energy when particles of a fluid move from one place to another |
| convection current | occurs when a fluid circulates in a loop as it alternately in a loop heats up and cools down |
| radiation | the transfer of energy by waves moves through space |
| thermodynamics | the study of conversions between thermal energy and other forms of energy |
| heat engine | any device that converts into work |
| waste heat | thermal energy that is not converted into work |
| external combustion engine | an engine that burns fuel outside the engine |
| internal combustion engine | heat engine in which the fuel burns inside the engine |
| central heating system | heats many from one central location |
| heat pump | a device that reverses the normal flow of thermal energy |
| refrigerant fluid | a fluid that vaporizes and condenses inside the tubing of a heat pump |
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