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Science 3rd quarter
Science
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| gene | a portion of a DNA molecule that serves as the basic unit of heredity |
| DNA | nucleic acid that contains the genetic code |
| species | group of organisms having many characteristics in common |
| chromosome | single molecule of DNA bonded to various proteins |
| dominant | an allele or a gene that is expressed in an organism's phenotype |
| recessive | allele that does not produce a characteristic effect when present with a dominant allele |
| mutation | occurs when a DNA gene is damaged or changed in such a way as to alter the genetic message carried by that gene |
| natural selection | process by which heritable traits increase an organism's chances of survival and reproduction |
| selective breeding | the raising of animals with particular genetic traits through careful choice of parents |
| humidity | amount of water vapor present in the air |
| convection current | transfer heat from one place to another by mass motion of a fluid |
| weather | the state of the atmosphere at a particular time and place |
| climate | the general weather in a particular region |
| equator | imaginary line drawn around the middle of the earth |
| atmosphere | blanket of gases that surround a planet |
| horizon | the line where the earth seems to meet the sky |
| latitude | distance north or south of the equator measured in degrees |
| longitude | distance measured in degrees east or west from an imaginary line called the prime meridian |
| fossil fuel | hydrocarbons, primarily coal, fuel oil or natural gas, formed from the remains of dead plants and animals |
| global warming | an increase in the earth's average atmospheric temperature that causes corresponding changes in climate |
| geologist | person who studies the history of the earth through rocks and rock formations |
| cartographer | a map or chart maker |
| continental drift | the very slow movement of the continents on the surface of the Earth |
| magma | hot liquid rock below the surface of the Earth |
| plate tectonics | the theory that Earth's outer shell is divided into several plates that glide over the mantle |
| asthenosphere | a zone in the upper mantle of the earth, consisting of hot, plastic rock |
| lithosphere | includes the Earth's crust and the uppermost part of the mantle |
| mantle | the part of the earth between the core and the crust |
| kinetic energy | the energy of motion |
| potential energy | energy that is stored in an object due to its position |
| thermal energy | energy that is generated and measured by heat |
| conduction | when heat or electricity moves from one place to another |
| convection | the transfer of heat through fluids (gases or liquids) from a warmer spot to a cooler spot |
| radiation | energy transmitted in waves or a stream of particles |
Created by:
sophia05
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