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Psychology Ch 4,5,&6
A comprehensive look at the main focal points of the 4th 5th and 6th chapters
| What is Consciousness? | Your awareness of everything that is going on around you and inside your own head at any given moment. |
| What is Waking Consciousness? | A state in which your thoughts, feelings, and sensations are clearly organized and feel alert. (Like being awake!) |
| What is an altered state of consciousness? | Any state of consciousness other than the waking state. Initially due to a shift in the quality or pattern of your mental activity. (I.e. Sleeping, Meditating, being Hypnotized, or Daydreaming.) |
| What is considered a " Circadian Rhythm? | Your wake-sleep cycle. |
| What is your internal clock that helps you fall asleep and wake up? (Hint: SCN are its initials.) | Supra-Chiasmatic-Nucleus |
| What is Microsleep | A brief period of sleep lasting only seconds. |
| What Sleep Deprivation? | Loss of Sleep. |
| Explain the Adaptive Theory of Sleep. | Humans and animals evolved different sleep patterns to avoid being present during their predators typical hunting time. (This theory explains WHEN people sleep.) |
| Explain the Restorative Theory of Sleep. | Sleep is necessary to the physical health of the body. Chemicals that are used up during the day are replenished and cellular damage is repaired. (This theory explains WHY people need to sleep.) |
| Name the two main kinds of sleep and explain their differences. | Rapid Eye Movement (REM)sleep - the type of sleep you have dreams in and is more psychologically active. non-REM (NREM)sleep - type of sleep that spans from more lighter to more restful stages of sleep. |
| What brain waves do you produce when awake. | Beta Waves. There very small and very fast. |
| What brain waves are produced just as someone starts to become drowsy? | Alpha Waves. Slightly larger and slower than Beta waves. |
| What brain waves occur during the first stages of the sleep cycle? | Theta Waves. Even larger and slower than Alpha or Beta waves. |
| What brain waves occur in only the deepest stages of the sleep cycle? | Delta Waves. The largest and Slowest Waves. |
| List the stages of the Sleep Cycle in order. | N1 (Stage 1): Light Sleep, N2 (Stage 2): Sleep Spindles, N3 (Stages 3&4): Delta waves Roll In, R (REM); Beta waves come back and you experience dreams. |
| Explain Sleep paralysis. | When your voluntary muscles are paralyzed during REM sleep. |
| Explain REM Rebound. | When someone experiences much more Deep Sleep (N1-N3&4) one night and very little REM sleep, but the next night they experience much more REM sleep to catch up. |
| What are Nightmares? (Don't over think it.) | Bad Dreams. Duh :p |
| What is Night Terrors? | A state of panicked experienced while sound asleep. (Common in children.) |
| What is insomnia? | The inability to get Sleep. |
| What is Sleep Apnea? | When a person Stops breathing for 10 seconds or more. |
| What is Narcolepsy? | A disorder in which a person may suddenly slip into REM sleep during the day. |
| What is Manifest Content? | The actual dream itself. |
| What is Latent Content? | The hidden meaning of the dream, mainly expressed in symbols. |
| What is a Psychoactive Drug? | Chemical substances that alter thinking, perception, or memory. |
| A physical condition caused by chronic use of a tolerance forming drug, in which abrupt or gradual drug withdrawal causes unpleasant physical symptoms. | Physical Dependence. |
| The feeling that a drug is needed for emotional or psychological well being | Psychological Dependence |
| Drugs that increase the functioning of the nervous system. | Stimulants. |
| Drugs that decrease the functioning of the nervous system. | Depressants |
| Drugs that alter perceptions and may cause hallucinations. | Hallucinogens. |
| Amphetamines. | Stimulants that are made in laboratories instead of being found in nature. |
| A natural drug found in the coca plant. | Cocaine |
| Which stimulant is even more addictive than cocaine and heroin? | Nicotine. (99%) |
| Drugs that have a sleep inducing effect. | Barbiturates. |
| What is the difference between major and minor tranquilizers? | Major tranquilizers have a strong depressant effect while a minor tranquilizer has a more mild effect. |
| A type of depressant that suppress the sensations of pain. This happens by binding to and stimulating the nervous systems natural receptor for endorphins. | Narcotics |
| A drug made from the Poppy Plant, has pain relieving and euphoria inducing properties. | Opium |
| Created by dissolving opium in an acid and neutralizing the acid with ammonia, also thought to be a "wonder drug." | Morphine |
| First hailed as the new "Wonder Drug" a derivative of morphine that was initially thought to not have the disagreeable side effects of morphine. | Heroin |
| What does the term "learning" mean? | Any relatively permanent change in behavior brought about by experience or practice. |
| The original, naturally occurring stimulus. | The Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS |
| The automatic and involuntary response to the Unconditioned Stimulus. | The Conditioned Response |
| A stimulus that has no effect until paired with the Unconditioned Stimulus to induce the same effect as the UCS. | Neutral Stimulus |
Created by:
Austin Bennett
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