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Chapter 10

Understanding Psychology by Richard A. Kasschau, Ph.D.

QuestionAnswer
memory the storage and retrieval of what has been learned or experienced
encoding the transforming of information so the nervous system can process it
storage the process by which information is maintained over a period of time
retrieval the process of obtaining information that has been stored in memory
sensory memory very brief memory storage immediately following initial stimulation of a receptor
short-term memory memory that is limited in capacity to about seven items and in duration by the subject's active rehearsal
maintenance rehearsal a system for remembering that involves repeating information to oneself without attempting to find meaning in it
chunking the process of grouping items to make them easier to remember
semantic memory knowledge of language, including its rules, words, and meanings
episodic memory memory of one's life, including time of occurrence
declarative memory memory of knowledge that can be called forth consciously as needed
procedural memory memory of learned skills that does not require conscious recollection
recognition memory retrieval in which a person identifies an object, idea, or situation as one he or she has or has not experienced before
recall memory retrieval in which a person reconstructs previously learned material
reconstructive processes the alteration of a recalled memory that may be simplified, enriched, or distorted, depending on an individual's experiences, attitudes, or inferences
confabulation the act of filling in memory gaps
schemas conceptual frameworks a person uses to make sense of the world
eidetic memory the ability to remember with great accuracy visual information on the basis of short-term exposure
decay fading away of memory over time
interference blockage of a memory by previous or subsequent memories
elaborative rehearsal the linking of new information to material that is already known
mnemonic devices techniques for using associations to memorize and retrieve information
Created by: yojava
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