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Hemodynamics norms
Hemodynamics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Total amount of blood volume in the venous system is? | 64% |
| Venous return is the amount of blood volume returning to the? | Right heart. |
| CI is CO based on? | Actual body size. |
| End systolic pressure is? | The amount of blood in the ventricle after ejection. |
| End diastolic pressure is? | The amount of blood in the ventricle after filling. |
| Indexed measurements allow the normals to be standardized therefore account for the patients different body sizes. | True. |
| Patients who develop A-fib or 3rd degree heart block, lose their atrial kick and? | CO decreases. |
| Cardiac Tamponade | Restricts the blood entering the heart. |
| Fick equation | CO= VO2/C(a-v)O2 x 10 |
| Right atrium pressure. (RAP) | Measured with CVP or Swans.2 to 6 torr. |
| Right ventricle pressure. (RVP) | Measured with Swans.20 to 30/2 to 6 torr. |
| Pulmonary artery pressure. (PAP) | Measured with Swans.20 to 30/6 to 15 torr.Waveform has diacrotic notch. |
| Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure. (PCWP) | Measured with Swans. 4 to 12 torr. |
| Ejection fraction. | EF= SV/EDV If in the 30% range intolerance to exersise. |
| PAP looks at? | lungs. |
| PCWP looks at? | Left heart. |
| CVP looks at? | Right atrial pressure or fluid levels. Norm 2-6 torr. |
| Systemic Artery Blood Pressure (SABP)looks at? | Blood pressure thoughout the body. |
| Ventricular stroke work. | Amount of blood ejected with each beat. |
| CVP norm? | 2-6torr. |
| Cardiac Output QT norm? | 4-8 L/M |
| Cardiac Index (CI) | 2.5-4.5 |
| Preload | The stretch on the ventricle muscle fibers before contraction. |
| Afterload | The resistance of external factors that oppose ventricular contraction. |
| Stroke volume is determined by? | Preload, afterload, and contractility. |
| Preload is created by? | End diastolic volume. |
| If there is no narrowing or dysfunction of the valve... | Pressures in the atrium will be the same as in the ventricles at the end of diastole. |
| Atrial contraction is... | 30% of cardiac output. |
| Afterloads two opposing factors? | Tension and impedance. |
| Intrathoracic become more negative.(vacume effect) | Increases filling and increases resistance to emptying of ventricles. |
| Increase in Ca causes? | spastic heart. |
| Decrease in K+ and Na causes? | Atrial fibrillation. |