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RADT 465
image production include image acquisition and evaluation,QC,equipment operation
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Misalignment of the tube-part-IR relatioship results in (A) shape distortion (B) size distortion (C) magnification (D) blur | a) shape distortion (lange Q&A p.179) |
| In digital imaging , brightness is controlled by 1. IR exposure 2. monitor functions 3. postprocessing functions (A) 1 only (B) 1 and 2 only (C) 2 and 3 only (D) 1,2, and 3 | c) 2 and 3 only (lange Q&A p.179) |
| In electronic imaging , as a digital image matrix size increase 1. pixel size decreases 2. resolution decreases 3. pixel depth decreases (A) 1 only (B) 2 only (C) 1 and 2 only (D) 2 and 3 only | a) 1 only (lange Q&A p.179) |
| An algorithm , as used in x-ray imaging , is a (an ) (A) geometric formula (B) specific exposure factors (C) series of variable instructions (D) predetermined exposure factors | c) series of variable instructions (lange Q&A p.179) |
| The intensity of ionizing radiation decreases as (A) distance from the source of radiation decreases (B) distance from the source of radiation increases (C) frequency increases (D) wavelenght decreases | b) distance from the source of radiation increases (lange Q&A p.180) |
| Grid interspace material can be made of 1. carbon fiber 2. aluminum 3. plastic fiber (A) 1 only (B) 1 and 2 only (C) 2 and 3 only (D) 1, 2, and 3 | c) 2 and 3 only (lange Q&A p.180) |
| The reduction in x-ray photon intensity as the pho-ton passes through material is termed (A) absorption (B) scattering (C) attenuation (D) divergence | c) attenuation (lange Q&A p.180) |
| An increase in kilovoltage will have which of the following effects in digital imaging 1.more scattered radiation will be produced2.the exposure rate will increase 3.radiographic contrast will increase (A) 1 only (b) 1 and2only (C)2and 3 only (d)1, 2and 3 | b) 1 and 2 only (lange Q&A p.180) |
| The x-ray tube used in CT must be capable of 1.high-speed rotation 2.short pulsed exposures 3.withstanding millions of heat units (A)1 only (B)1 and 2 only (C)2 and 3 only (D)1,2,and 3 | d) 1,2,and 3(lange Q&A p.180) |
| If a lateral projection of the chest is being per-formed on an asthenic patient and the outer photo-cells are selected, what is likely to be the outcome (A)decreased IR exposure (B)increased IR exposure (C)scattered radiation fog (D)motion blur | (A) decreased IR exposure (lange Q&A p.181) |
| Which of the following groups of exposure factors will produce the greatest receptor exposure (A)100 mA, 50 ms (B)200 mA, 40 ms (C)400 mA, 70 ms (D)600 mA, 30 ms | c) 400 mA, 70 ms(lange Q&A p.181) |
| the component of a CR image plate (IP) that records the radiologic image is the (A)emulsion (B)helium-neon laser (C)photostimulable phosphor (D)scanner-reader | c) photostimulable phosphor (lange Q&A p.181) |
| An x-ray image of the ankle was made at 40-SID 200 mA, 50 ms, 70 kV,0.6-mm focal spot, and minimal OID. which of the following modifica-tions would result in greatest increase in magnification (A)1.2-mm focal spot (B)36-in SID (C)44-in SID (D)4-in OID | d) 4-in OID (lange Q&A p.181) |
| The radiation dose received by the digital detector for each image is indicated by the (A)mA meter (B)exposure indicator (C)kV selector (D)histogram | b) exposure indicator (lange Q&A p.181) |
| HVL is affected by the amount of 1.kVp 2.beam filtration 3.tissue density (A)1 only (B)1 and 2 only (C) 2 and 3 only (D)1,2, and 3 | b) 1 and 2 only (lange Q&A p.181) |
| The luminesecent light emitted by the PSP is trans-formed into the image seen on the CRT be the (A)PSP (B)scanner-reader (C)ADC (D)helium-neon laser | c) ADC (lange Q&A p.181) |
| Which of the following units is (are) used to express resolution 1.line-spread function 2.line pairs per millimeter 3.line-focus principle (A)1 only (B)1 and 2 only (C)2 and 3 only (D)1,2,and 3 | b) 1 and 2 only (lange Q&A p.182) |
| The term windowing describes the practice of (A)varying the automatic brightness control (B)changing the image brightness and\or contrast scale (C)varying the FOV (D)increasing resolution | b) changing the image brightness and\or contrast scale (lange Q&A p.182) |
| Foreshortening can be caused by (A)the radiographic object being placed at an angle to the IR (B)excessive distance between the object and the IR (C)insufficient distance between the focus and the IR (D)excessive distance between the focus and the IR | a) the radiographic object being placed at an angle to the IR (lange Q&A p.182) |
| Acceptable method(s) of minimizing motion unsharpness is (are) 1.suspended respiration 2.short exposure time 3.patient instruction (A)1 only (B)1 and 2 only (C)1 and3 only (D)1,2,and 3 | d) 1,2, and 3 (lange Q&A p.182) |
| Using fixed milliampere-seconds and variable kilo-voltage technical factors, each centimeter increase in patient thickness requires what adjustment in kilovoltage (A)increase 2 kV (B)decrease 2 kV (C)increase 4 kV (D)decrease 4 kV | a) increase 2 kV (lange Q&A p.183) |
| unopened boxes of radiographic film should be stored away from radiation and (A)in the horizontal position (B)in the vertical position (C)stacked with the oldest on top (D)stacked with the newest on top | b) in the vertical position (lange Q&A p.183) |
| potential digital image postprocessing tasks include 1.PACS 2.annotation 3.inversion\reversal (A)1 only (B)1 and 2 only (C)2 and 3 only (D)1,2,and 3 | c) 2 and 3 only (lange Q&A p.183) |
| Factors that contribute to film fog include 1.the age of the film 2.excessive exposure to safelight 3.processor chemistry (A)1 only (B)1and2 only (C)1and3 only (D)1,2,and3 | d) 1,2, and 3 (lange Q&A p.183) |
| X-ray photon energy is inversely related to 1.photon wavelength 2.applied milliamperes(mA) 3.applied kilovoltage(kV) (A)1only (B)1and2 only (C)1and3 only (D)1,2,and3 | a) 1 only (lange Q&A p.183) |
| Characteristics of DR imaging include 1.solid-state detector receptor plates 2.a direct-capture imaging system 3.immediate image display (A)1only (B)1and3 only (C)2and3only (D)1,2,and3 | d) 1,2, and 3(lange Q&A p.184) |
| Compared with a law-ratio grid, a high-ratio grid will 1.allow more centering latitude 2.absorb more scattered radiation 3.absorb more primary radiatio (A)1only (B)1and2 only (C)2and3only (D)1,2,and3 | c) 2 and 3 only (lange Q&A p.184) |
| A decrease in kilovoltage will result in 1.a decrease in image resolution 2.a decrease in photon energy 3.a decrease in receptor exposure (A)1 only (B)1and2only (C)2and3only (D)1,2,and3 | c) 2and 3 only (lange Q&A p.184) |
| To be suitable for use in an image intensifier`s input screen,a phosphor should have which of the fol-lowing characteristics 1.high conversion efficiency 2.high x-ray absorption 3.high atomoic number (A)1only (B)3only (C)1and2 only (D)1,2,and3 | d) 1,2, and 3 (lange Q&A p.184) |
| Resolution in CR increases as 1.laser beam size decreases 2.monitor matrix size decreases 3.PSP crystal size decreases (A)1only (2)1and2 only (C)1and3only (D)1,2,and 3 | c) 1 and 3 only (lange Q&A p.184) |
| What pixel size has a 512X512 matrix with a 20-cm field of view (FOV) (A)0.07mm\pixel (B)0.40mm\pixel (C)0.04mm\pixel (D)4.0mm\pixel | b) 0.40 mm \ pixel (lange Q&A p.185) |
| In radiography of a large abdomen,whichof the following is(are)effective way(s)to minimize the amount of scattered radiation reaching the image receptor1use of close collimation2use of low mAs3use of a low-ratio grid (A)1only(B)1and2only(C)1and3only(D)1, | a) 1only (lange Q&A p.185) |
| Which of the following factors contribute(s) to the efficient performance of a grid 1.grid ratio 2.number of lead strips per inch 3.amount of scattertransmitted through the grid (A)1only (B)2only (C)1and2only (D)1,2,and3 | d) 1,2,and3 (lange Q&A p.185) |
| All the following affect the exposure rate of the pri-mary beam except (A)milliamperage (B)kilovoltage (C)distance (D)field size | d) field size (lange Q&A p.186) |
| Which of the following terms is used to describe unsharp edges of tiny radiographic details (A)diffusion (B)mottle (C)blur (D)umbra | c) blur (lange Q&A p.186) |
| Image contrast, in screen-film imaging, is a result of 1.differntial tissue absorption 2.atomic nuber of tissue being traversed 3.proper regulation of milliamprere-seconds (A)1only (B)1and2only (C)1and3only (D)1,2,and3 | b) 1 and 2 only (lange Q&A p.186) |
| With what frequency must radiographic equip-ment be checked for linearity and reproducibility (A)annually (B)biannually (C)semiannually (D)quarterly | a) annually (lange Q&A p.259) |
| Typical examples of digital imaging include 1.MRI 2.CT 3.CR (A)1only (B)1and2only (C)1and3only (D)1,2,and3 | d) 1,2,and 3 (lange Q&A p.259) |
| Component parts of a CT gantry include 1.high-voltage generator 2.multidetector array 3.x-ray tube (A)1only (B)1and2only (C)2and3only (D)1,2,and3 | d ) 1,2, and 3 (lange Q&A p.259) |
| Light-sensitive AEC devices are known as (A)phototimers (B)ionization chambers (C)sensors (D)backup timers | a) phototimers (lange Q&A p.260) |
| The electron cloud within the x-ray tube is the product of a process called (A)electrolysis (B)thermionic emission (C)rectification (D)induction | b) thermionic emission (lange Q&A p.260) |
| What is the relationship between kV and HVL (A)as kV increases,the HVL increases (B)as kV decreases,the HVL decreases (C)if the kV is doubled,the HVL doubles (D)if the kV is doubled,the HVL is squared | a) as kV increases , the HVL increases (lange Q&A p.261) |
| As window level increases (A)contrast scale increases (B)contrast scale decreases (C)brightness increases (D)brightness decreases | c) brightness increases (lange Q&A p.261) |
| Circuit devices that permit electrons to flow in only one direction are (A)solid-state diodes (B)resistors (C)transformers (D)autotransformers | a) solid-state diodes (lange Q&A p.262) |
| Which of the following devices converts mechani-cal energy to electrical energy (A)motor (B)generator (C)stator (D)rotor | b) generator (lange Q&A p.262) |
| The type of x-ray tube designed to turn on and off rapidly,providing multiple short,precise expo-sures,is (A)high speed (B)grid-controlled (C)diode (D)electrode | b) grid-controlled (lange Q&A p.262) |
| The voltage ripple associated with a three-phase,12-pulse rectified generator is about (A)4% (B)13% (C)32% (D)100% | b) 13% (lange Q&A p.263) |
| Which of the following devices is used to control voltage by varying resistance (A)autotransformer (B)high-voltage transformer (C)rheostat (D)fuse | c) rheostat (lange Q&A p.264) |
| When the radiographer selects kilovoltage on the control panel,which device is adjusted (A)step-up transformer (B)autotransformer (C)filament circuit (D)rectifier circuit | b) autotransformer (lange Q&A p.264) |
| As electrons impinge on the anode surface,less than 1% of their kinetic energy is changed to (A)x-rays (B)heat (C)gamma rays (D)recoil electrons | a) x-rays (lange Q&A p.264) |
| Characteristics of x-ray photons include 1.fluorescent effect on certain phosphors 2.physiological effect on living tissue 3.characteristic negative electric charge (A)1only (B)1and2only (C)2and3only (D)1,2,and3 | b) 1 and 2 only (lange Q&A p.265) |
| The kV settings on radiographic equipment must be tested annually and must be accurate to within (A)+\-2kV (B)+\-4kV (C)+\-6kV (D)+\-8kV | b) +\-4kV (lange Q&A p.265) |
| The device used to test the accuracy of the x-ray timer is the (A)densitometer (B)sensitometer (C)penetrometer (D)spinning top | d) spinning top (lange Q&A p.265) |
| The x-ray tube in a CT imaging system is most likely to be associated with (A)low-energy photons (B)an unrestricted x-ray beam (C)a pulsed x-ray beam (D)a large focal spot | c) a pulsed x-ray beam (lange Q&A p.266) |
| The device used to change alternating current to unidirectional current is (A)a capacitor (B)a solid-state diode (C)a transformer (D)a generator | b) a solid-state diode (lange Q&A p.266) |
| The filtering effect of the x-ray tube`s glass envelope and its oil coolant referred to collectively as (A)inherent filtration (B)added filtration (C)compensating filtration (D)port filtration | a) inherent filtration (lange Q&A p.267) |
| Which of the following equipment is mandatory for performance of a myelogram (A)cine device (B)high-frequency grid (C)tilting x-ray table (D)tomography | c) tilting x-ray table (lange Q&A p.267) |
| Which of the following terms describes the amount of electric charge flowing per second (A)voltage (B)current (C)resistance (D)capacitance | b) current (lange Q&A p.267) |
| All the following are associated with the anode except (A)the line-focus principle (B)the heel effect (C)the focal track (D)thermionic emission | d) thermionic emission (lange Q&A p.268) |
| Which part of an induction motor is located within the x-ray tube glass envelope (A)filament (B)focusing cup (C)stator (D)rotor | d) rotor (lange Q&A p.268) |
| Which part of an induction motor is located out-side the x-ray tube glass envelope (A)filament (B)focusing cup (C)stator (D)rotor | c) stator (lange Q&A p.268) |
| The total brightness gain of an image intensifier is the product of 1.flux gain 2.minification gain 3.focusing gain (A)1only (B)2only (C)1and2only (D)1and3only | c) 1 and 2 only (lange Q&A p.269) |
| Which of the following functions to increase the milliamperage (A)increase in charge of anode (B)increase in heat of the filament (C)increase in kilovoltage (D)increase in focal-spot size | b) increase in heat of the filament (lange Q&A p.269) |
| Anode angle will have an effect on the 1.severity of the heel effect 2.focal-spot size 3.heat-load capacity (A)1only (B)2only (C)1and2only (D)1,2,and3 | d) 1, 2, and 3 (lange Q&A p.271) |
| How often are radiographic equipment kV settings required to be evaluated (A)annually (B)biannually (C)semiannually (D)quarterly | a ) annually (lange Q&A p.272) |
| The image-intensifier tube`s input phosphor func-tions to convert (A)kinetic energy to light (B)x-ray to light (C)electrons to light (D)fluorescent light to electrons | b) x-rays to light (lange Q&A p.273) |
| The image intensifier`s input phosphor generally is composed of (A)cesium iodide (B)zinc cadmium sulfide (C)gadolinium oxysulfide (D)calcium tungstate | a ) cesium iodide (lange Q&A p.273) |
| Which of the following will most likely produce the highest quality radiographic image (A)high SNR (B)low SNR (C)low contrast resolution (D)moderate noise | a) high SNR (lange Q&A p.273) |
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