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PHAT 162
Tabitha Study Guide 1
| Skin |
|---|
| The skin is the largest organ |
| Makes up 10% of body weight |
| Consitered an organ because it is a living thing |
| Epidermis- outer layer- responsible for pigmentation or skin color. Thinnest layer |
| Dermis- middle layer- responsible for secreation of proteins collegen and elastin, responsible for skins shape, assist in regulation of body temputure. |
| Subcutanious- inner layer- contains the fatty tissue and connective tissue. |
| Skin is prone to more that 1000 known problems in 9 catagories. |
| A rash of some kind is the most common |
| acne- Inflamation of skin on face or neck- caused by increase activity of the subaceous glands(gland that secreate oil and aid in the bodys defense against bacteria) during puberty or a hormonal change.` |
| Candiasis- usually shows up as thrush or a vaginal yeast infection. |
| Ring worms- microscopic fungus that infects the horny or scaley layer of the skin or nail. |
| Athletes foot- can occur on other parts of the body as well as the foot. |
| puritis- itching associated with a bunch of skin disorders. Antihistamins are used to treat this. |
| uricaria- hives or stastimic itching wheals |
| atopic- on top of the skin- disorder that only affects the top of the skin. |
| photosensitivity- sensitivity to the sun, caused by different medicines. |
| phototoxicity- sumproperty of some chemicals used in medicines when exposed to light become toxic to cells. |
| Photsensitivity drugs: ACE Inhibertors, Antibiotics, antidepressents, antihistimines, antipsychotic, cardiovascular drugs, chemotheroputic agents, diuretics, hypoglycemics, and NSAIDs. |
| Rash- Charaterized by redness and inflamation |
| Most commom rash is an allergic reaction. |
| Creams are usually perscribed by physicians and are used to treat we, oozing leasions. |
| Ointments are percribed by dermatoligist and are used ti treat dry skin problems. |
| Ointments and creams are not interchangable. Using the wrong one can lead to treatment failure |
| Eczema- inflamitory skin condition, charaterized by itching, redness, blistering and oozing. FDA approved a new class called immunomodulators, and are any agent that affects the bodies immune system in some way. |
| Psorisis- Chronic non-contagious condition in which the epidermis cells multiply and die at an essesive rate producing patches of red scaly skin. It occurs due to genetics, illness, injury, and emotional stress. |
| Dandriff- skin from scalp. Cosmetic more than medical. |
| Rosacea- Chronic disorder with an imflammitory vascular componant. Arythema papuals and pustuals which may becomem infected. Triggered by stress, temputure, hot drinks, spicy food and alcohol. |
| Shingles, herpes chicken pox, cold sores & warts are caused bu the same virus: Epstienbarr virus. treated by antivirals. |
| Burns can be classsified by cause and degree. |
| Theramal is caused by contact with heat or fire, such as boiling water, hot stoves, open flames |
| Chemical- contact with chemical agents, such as bleach, insectisisdes, battery acid and lighter fluid. |
| Electical- contact with electrical current, such as down wires plugs and lightining |
| Friction- harsh rubbing of the skin, caused by road rash, carpet burn dermabrasion, brush burn, grass burn |
| sunburn- over exposure to the sun. |
| 1st degree- limited damage to the epidermis, redness and pain on the surface |
| 2nd degree- damage to the epidermis and dermis. redness and blistering, mild to moderate edema and pain, |
| 3rd degree- Distruction to all three layers, leatherery white, black, or cherry red apperance. No blistering occurs because there is no tissue to blister. |
| 4th degree- Total distruction of all the skin tissue muscles, tendons , ligimants and bones. |
| BODY SURFACE AREA |
| Rule of nines is used to estimate the total % of the body surface that ids burned. |
| Head 9% |
| Chest & abdomon 18% |
| upper/mid/low back & buttocks 18% |
| each arm 9% |
| each leg 18% |
| groin 1% |
| Atinic keratosis- pre cancerous condition caused by over exposure to the sun. |
| Basil Cell Carcinoma- slow growing, rarly matasicides- found alot in OTR truck drivers |
| Keratoacanthoma- an epithelial tumar- first grows rapidly, then regresses and heals |
| Melanoma- highly malignant cancer that forms from melonomacytes. Sunburn increases risk. |
| Squamous Cell Carcenoma- most rapid growing skin cancer. Mostly treated with retinod compounds; side effects: intense arythema occurs in the beginning of treatment. |
Created by:
rogers.tabitha
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