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genetics

test study guide

QuestionAnswer
Traits are influenced by genes and environmental factors. Explain the difference. genes- traits passed on from parent to off spring environment- whats around you that makes up your physical appearance
What is a carrier? A person or organism that carries a recessive allele.
What are the male and female sex chromosomes? xy, xx
How does down syndrome occur? When a persons cells have a extra copy of chromosomes , which causes an error of meiosis. The chromosomes failed to separate. properly.
What is sickle cell anemia? A group of inherited red blood cells disorders.
Describe DNA (Include its shape and what its made of) Contains information that determines the traits that a living thing inherits. (spiral shaped)(nucleotide)
what rules must be followed when AT CG bases are paired up a-t c-g
what is a karyotype? The number and visual appearance of chromosomes in the cell nuclei of an organism .
what is selective breeding? The human practice of breeding animals or plants that have desired traits.
What is inbreeding? 2 individuals that have identical or a similar set of alleles.
What is cloning ? An organism that is genetically identical to the organism from what it was produced.
What is a genome ? The complete set of genes or genetic material present in a person or a organism.
What was the purpose of the human genome project? So scientist can have genetic information about humans.
What is mutation? A change in the nucleotide base sequence of a gene or DNA molecule.
Describe the types of mutations that can occur deletion insertion substitution
What is a gene? A unit of heredity that is passed from parent to offspring.
What is genetic engineering? Genes from one organism are transferred into the DNA of another organism .
What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis? Mitosis- cell divides to produce 2 daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes(asexual) Meiosis- produces sex cells with half the number of chromosomes as body cells(sexual)
what is unique about a identical twin's DNA? Identical twin's DNA are the exact same.
Created by: 200542089
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