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Ch 3 Pathology Terms
Radiography
| Definition | Term |
|---|---|
| Pneumonia caused by entrance of foreign particles (e.g., vomitus) aspirated into the lower respiratory tract | Aspiration pneumonia |
| An adenoma, usually considered benign but classified as “lung cancer” because they tend to invade local tissues, sometimes metastasize to regional lymph nodes, and are treated much like other malignant neoplasms | Bronchial carcinoid |
| Chronic dilatation of the bronchi, with inflammation and destruction of bronchial walls and cilia | Bronchiectasis |
| Carcinoma of the lung that arises from the epithelium of the bronchial tree | Bronchogenic carcinoma |
| Inflammation of one or more bronchi that is long lasting or has a gradual onset | Chronic bronchitis |
| Designation applied to conditions that result in pulmonary obstruction, most commonly chronic bronchitis and pulmonary emphysema | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) |
| A solitary radiopaque lung nodule | Coin lesion |
| Congenital disorder affecting exocrine gland function, with respiratory effects including excessive secretions, obstruction of the bronchial system, infection, and tissue damage | Cystic fibrosis |
| A lung condition characterized by an increase in the air spaces distal to the terminal bronchioles and with destruction of alveolar walls | Emphysema |
| Pleural effusion resulting from inflammation, such as in the case of pleurisy, a pulmonary embolism, or neoplasm | Exudates |
| Pleural effusion containing blood | Hemothorax |
| The inability to move air into and out of the lungs, with consequent increased blood carbon dioxide content | Hypercapnia |
| A condition of low oxygen levels within the arterial blood; caused by toxic gas or smoke inhalation, high altitudes, hypoventilation, or impaired diffusion | Hypoxemia |
| Severe, bacterial pneumonia named for its outbreak at an American Legion Convention in Pennsylvania in 1976 | Legionnaires’ disease |
| The presence of air or gas in the mediastinum as a result of leakage of air from the bronchial tree | Mediastinal emphysema |
| Type of tuberculosis caused by hematogenous spread of the disease, with a characteristic appearance similar to millet seeds, which are small, white grains | Miliary tuberculosis |
| The most common form of primary atypical pneumonia, occurring most frequently in young adults | Mycoplasma pneumonia |
| A collection of excess fluid in the pleural cavity | Pleural effusion |
| Inflammation of the pleura with exudation into the pleural cavity and on its surface | Pleurisy |
| The most common bacterial pneumonia, generally affecting an entire lobe of a lung | Pneumococcal pneumonia |
| A group of occupational diseases characterized by permanent deposits of particulate matter in the lungs and by resultant pulmonary fibrosis | Pneumoconioses |
| The most frequent type of lung infection, resulting in an inflammation of the lung with compromised pulmonary function | Pneumonia |
| A condition when the immune system is not effective at controlling and overcoming the fungal infection from histoplasmosis | Progressive disseminated histoplasmosis |
| A respiratory disorder of infants born at less than a 37-week gestation due to incomplete maturation of the surfactant-producing system | Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) |
| Failure of the lungs to ventilate | Respiratory failure |
| Inflammation of a sinus, which may be purulent or nonpurulent, acute or chronic | Sinusitis |
| Pneumonia caused by infection with Staphylococcus that localizes in and/or around the bronchi | Staphylococcal pneumonia |
| Pneumonia caused by infection with Streptococcus that localizes in and/or around the bronchi | Streptococcal pneumonia |
| The presence of air or gas in the subcutaneous tissues of the body | Subcutaneous emphysema |
| Pleural effusions resulting from microvascular changes such as those associated with heart failure or ascites | Transudates |
| Any of the infectious diseases of man and animals caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis, generally affecting the lungs in the human body | Tuberculosis (TB) |
| Pneumonia caused by a virus, spread by an infected person to a nonimmune individual | Viral pneumonia |
Created by:
RT2017
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