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Unit 2 Flashcards
Image Acquisition/Evaluation/Equipment Operation/QA
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The longer the wavelength the higher the frequency. True/False | False- The shorter the wavelength the higher the frequency. (pg. 439) |
| What electron shell does Compton scatter eject? | Outer shell electron (pg. 440) |
| What is the percentage ripple effect on three-phase/6 pulse rectification? | 13% (pg. 449) |
| Having a bigger matrix produces a better image in regards to resolution? True/False | True- The larger the matrix size, the better the image resolution. (pg. 467) |
| What is the aluminum equivalent for equipment operated above 70 kv? | 2.5 mm Al equivalent (pg. 456) |
| What type of radiation ejects a K shell leaving a vacancy and an adjacent shell filling it? | Characteristic Radiation (pg. 451) |
| Where is the stator located? | Outside the glass envelope (pg. 452) |
| _______________ removes low-energy x-rays from the primary beam. | Filtration (pg. 459) |
| Dividing input screen diameter by the output screen diameter and squaring the result determines what? | Minification gain (pg. 484) |
| How long does a PSP typically last? | 10,000 exposures (pg. 508) |
| A ________________________ evaluates the mA station. | Penetrometer (Al step-wedge) (pg. 505) |
| ____________ and _____________ are what make up part of a collimator. | Shutters, Mirrors (pg. 512) |
| How much of the kinetic energy is actually used to convert the electron stream into x-rays? | .2% (pg. 453) |
| List the three things that X-Ray photons can do. | Pass through part, be absorbed by the part, and scatter within the part (pg. 440) |
| Molybdenum, Rhenium, Graphite, Aluminum, and Tungsten are all metals that make up the Anode. True/False | False- Aluminum is not part of the construction of the anode. Graphite/molybdenum create the disk with beveled edge, Tungsten/Rhenium create the alloy focal track, and the stem is created by Molybdenum (pg. 452) |
| What is the purpose of an x-ray timer? | Regulate the length of x-ray exposure. (pg. 461) |
| What type of metal helps resist the anode pitting at high temperatures? | Rhenium (pg. 453) |
| Who created the first CT unit? | Sir Godfrey Newbold Hounsfield (pg. 487) |
| How often is reproducibility testing performed? | Annually and when troubleshooting a problem (pg. 506) |
| Diminished resolution and contrast at the image periphery is _________________. | Vignetting (pg. 484) |
| The typical entrance skin exposure rate is 1 R/min. True/False | False Typical entrance skin exposure rate is 2 R/min. |
| A ______________ converts electrical energy to mechanical energy, and a ______________ converts mechanical energy to electrical energy. | Motor; Generator (pg. 446) |
| The effective focal spot is always larger than the actual focal spot. True/False | False- The effective focal spot is always SMALLER than the actual focal spot (pg. 455) |
| What does a rectifier do? | Changes alternating current to unidirectional pulsating current. (pg. 464) |
| Technique used by PSP can be recoverable for up to ________________ over exposure and up to _________________ under exposure. | 500%; 80% (pg. 472) |
| Spatial Resolution and distiortion are considered visibility factors of image quality. True/False | False- Spatial resolution and distortion are considerred geometric factors of image quality. (pg. 304) |
| As_________ increases, more electrons are driven to the _______________ with greater speed and energy. | kv, anode (pg. 309) |
| What is the single most important way to reduce the production of scattered radiation? | Restrictinng the size of the x-ray field. (collimation) (pg. 310) |
| What is grid frequency? | The number of lead strips per inch. (pg. 314) |
| List three destructive pathologic conditions. | Osteoporosis, Osteomalacia, Pneumoperitoneum, Emphysema, Degenerative arthritis, Atrophic and necrotic conditions. (pg. 318) |
| What part of the anatomy shold be under the cathode when using the anode heel effect? | Thicker (pg. 319) |
| High contrast is considered a _______________ scale contrast, Low contrast is considered a ________________ scale contrast. | Short, Long (pg. 338) |
| What are two things that happen as grid ratio increases? | Scattered radiation cleanup increases and contrast improves, contrast scale decreases, technical factors must increase, patient dose increases, and positioning latitude decreases. (pg. 346) |
| Does an increase in OID will increase or decrease magnification? | Increase (pg. 360) |
| The _____________ focal spot size, the ___________ the spatial resolutionn. | smaller; better (pg. 365) |
| What is the best way to eliminate motion on a radiograph? | Using the shortest possible exposure time (pg. 367) |
| What percentage of an exposure recieved by the film emulsion is from fluorescent light? | 98% (pg. 370) |
| When will the latent image on PSP start to fade? | About 8 hours after exposure (pg. 374) |
| List the three cycles PSP undergoes? | x-ray exposure, reading, and erasure (pg. 393) |
| What is the most commonresult of improper film storage? | fog (pg.399) |
| Automatic rescaling function can fix exposures of up to 400% over exposed, and under exposure of up to 50%. True/False | False- Automatic rescaling function can fix exposures of up to 500% and underexposure of up to 80%. (pg,413) |
| What is recommended for cleaning on PSPS? | Anhydrous ethanol (pg. 429) |
| A increase in developer temperature of 2 degress to 3 degrees Farenheight will produce a dramatic decrease in optical density. True/False | False- A DECREASE in developer temperature will produce dramatic decrease in optical density (pg. 333) |
| How much does kvp need to be increased or decreased to double or halve the receptor exposure? | 15% (pg. 323) |
| When should a grid be used? | When a body part measures greater than 10 cm (pg. 310) |
| Densty refers to what on an image? | The amount of image blakening (pg. 321) |
| What does the widow width control on postprocessing? | Shades of gray (pg. 334) |
| List two factors that can cause CR graniness. | Underexposure, incorrect processing algorithim/LUT, excess scattered radiation, inadequate collimation, and grid misalignment/cutoff (pg. 337) |
| AECs require measurement because the AEC automatically adjusts the exposure for tissue variations. True/False | False- AECS do not requiremeasurement due to the fact they automatically adjust the exposure for tissue variatioins. (pg. 352) |
| ______________ _________________ in digital imaging improves with smaller pixel size, smaller pixel pitch, and larger image matrix? | Spatial Resolution (pg. 355) |
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