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TEKS 7.12

levels of organization, cell structures, cell theory

TermDefinition
cell the smallest structural and functional unit of an organism
tissue a group of cells working together to perform a specialized function
organ a group of tissues that work together to perform specific job
organ system a group of organs that are working together for a specific function
organism any living thing
organelle a membrane bound structure inside of a cell that has a specific job
nucleus a membrane-bound structure in eukaryotic cells, the 'brain' of the cell, controls cellular activity and contains the DNA
cell wall A tough, protective barrier that surrounds the outer membrane of some types of cells.
cell membrane A lipid barrier that encloses the cytoplasm and controls what enters and exits the cell.
cytoplasm the jelly-like substance contained within the cell membrane that fills the cell and holds the organelles in place
chloroplast an organelle found only in plant cells, site of photosynthesis
mitochondrion the power factory of the cell, source of energy production
vacuole A large, water filled organelle present in all plant and fungal cells and some animal and bacterial cells.
cell theory first stated by Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann in 1838–39, that cells are the basic units of structure and function in living organisms.
autotroph any organism capable of self-nourishment by using photosynthesis as a source of energy, most plants
heterotroph capable of utilizing only organic materials as a source of food.
unicellular single celled organisms; examples - bacteria, amoeba, paramecia
multicellular organisms made of many cells; examples - plant, frog, tiger, onion, human
lysosome An organelle that contains enzymes capable of breaking down many types of molecules.
photosynthesis A chemical reaction during which plants convert radiant energy from the Sun to chemical energy; the reaction converts carbon dioxide and water into sugar (glucose). 6CO2 + 6O2 ------------> C6H12O6 + 6O2
cellular respiration The process of obtaining energy from the breaking of chemical bonds in nutrients. Cell Food + O2 ---------> ENERGY + CO2
Created by: MrsWalls
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