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CNS Drugs

These drugs affect the Central Nervous System

Drug NameTrade NameDrug ClassificationUsed to TreatControlled Drug Status
Acepromazine melate PromAce Phenothiazine Derivative Tranquilizer - sedation and allay fear and anxiety N/A
Chlorpromazine hydrochloride Thorazine (human label) Phenothiazine Derivative Tranquilizer - sedation and allay fear and anxiety N/A
Promazine HCl Sparine (human label) Phenothiazine Derivative Tranquilizer - sedation and allay fear and anxiety N/A
Prochlorperazine Compazine (human label) Phenothiazine Derivative Tranquilizer - sedation and allay fear and anxiety N/A
Diazepam Valium, Diastat Benzodiazepine Derivative Tranquilizer - sedation, muscle relaxation, appetite stimulation (in cats), and anticonvulsant activity N/A
Midazolam Versed Benzodiazepine Derivative Tranquilizer - sedation, muscle relaxation, appetite stimulation (in cats), and anticonvulsant activity N/A
Alprazolam Xanax Benzodiazepine Derivative Tranquilizer - sedation, muscle relaxation, appetite stimulation (in cats), and anticonvulsant activity N/A
Rompun N/A Xylazine Hydrochloride Tranquilizer - sedative, analgesic, and muscle relaxant properties N/A
AnaSed N/A Xylazine Hydrochloride Tranquilizer - sedative, analgesic, and muscle relaxant properties N/A
Gemini N/A Xylazine Hydrochloride Tranquilizer - sedative, analgesic, and muscle relaxant properties N/A
Sedazine N/A Xylazine Hydrochloride Tranquilizer - sedative, analgesic, and muscle relaxant properties N/A
Cervizine N/A Xylazine Hydrochloride Tranquilizer - sedative, analgesic, and muscle relaxant properties N/A
Dromosedan injectable N/A Detomidine Hydrochloride Tranquilizer - sedation and analgesia in horses N/A
Dormosedan Gel N/A Detomidine Hydrochloride Tranquilizer - sedation and analgesia in horses N/A
Domitor N/A Medetomidine Tranquilizer - Sedative and analgesic in dogs (older than 12 wks) N/A
Dexdomitor N/A Dexmedtomidine Tranquilizer - sedative and analgesic in dogs and cats N/A
Sedivet N/A Romifidine Tranquilizer - alpha-2-andrenergic agonist labeled for use in horses N/A
Phenobarbital Luminal Long-Acting Oxybarbiturate Anticonvulsant to prevent epileptic seizures Class IV
Pentobarbital sodium Nembutal Short-Acting Oxybarbiturate 1-2 hrs of general anesthesia Class II
Thiopental Pentothal Ultrashort-Acting Oxybarbiturate Anesthetic N/A
Ketamine HCl Ketaset, Vetalar, Ketalar Dissociative Agent Enhance muscle relaxation and deepen the level of anesthesia Class III
Tiletamine HCl Telazol Dissociative Agent Enhance muscle relaxation and deepen the level of anesthesia Class III
Phencyclidine (street names "PCP" or "angel dust") Sernylan Dissociative Agent Immobilizing agent for nonhuman primates **NO LONGER AVAILABLE**
Opium N/A Naturally Occurring Narcotic Diarrhea N/A
Morphine sulfate Duramorph Naturally Occurring Narcotic Severe pain; occasionally used as a preanesthetic or anesthetic agent (e.g. c-section in dog); relieve anxiety associated with acute congestive heart failure Class II
Meperidine Demerol Synthetic Narcotic Relief of acute pain; combined with tranquilizer for use as an anesthetic agent N/A
Oxymorphone Numorphan, Opana Synthetic Narcotic In dogs as chemical restraint, diagnostic procedures, minor surgical procedures; combined with tranquilizer to produce neuroleptanalgesia N/A
Butorphanol tartrate Torbutrol, Torbugesic Synthetic Narcotic Antitussive agent in dogs; preanesthetic or for minor surgical procedures in cats and dogs Class IV
Fentanyl Recuvrya, Sublimaze, Duragesic (human labels) Synthetic Narcotic Control chronic pain Class II
Hydrocodone bitartrate Hycodan, Tussigon Synthetic Narcotic Antitussive in dogs Class III
Etorphine M-99 Synthetic Narcotic Restricted to use by veterinarians in zoo or exotic animal practices Class II
Pentazocine Talwin Synthetic Narcotic Pain relief in horses and dogs Class IV
Diphenoxylate Lomotil Synthetic Narcotic Combined with atropine for use as an antidiarrheal agent Class V
Apomorphine Apokyn (human label and generic products) Synthetic Narcotic Inducing vomiting N/A
Methadone Dolophine Synthetic Narcotic Treatment of colic pain in horses Class II
Codeine N/A Synthetic Narcotic Antitussive in dogs Class II when used alone Class III or Class V when used in combination products
Carfentanil Wildnil Synthetic Narcotic Induce wildlife anesthesia Class II
Buprenorphine Buprenex Synthetic Narcotic Potent analgesic N/A
Tramadol N/A Synthetic Narcotic Alternative analgesic agent or as an adjunct for postoperative or chronic pain in dogs and horses N/A
Naloxone Naloxone HCl injection, Narcan Opioid Antagonist Pure opioid antagonist N/A
Nalorphine Nalline Opioid Antagonist Partial antagonist N/A
Butorphanol-mu N/A Opioid Antagonist Sedative or analgesic N/A
Fentanyl and droperidol Innovar-Vet Neuroleptanalgesic Sedation, restraint, anesthesia N/A
Acepromazine and morphine N/A Neuroleptanalgesic Sedation, restraint, anesthesia N/A
Acepromazine and oxymorphone N/A Neuroleptanalgesic Sedation, restraint, anesthesia N/A
Xylazine and butorphanol N/A Neuroleptanalgesic Sedation, restraint, anesthesia N/A
Diazepam Valium Drug Given to Prevent Or Control Seizures Tranquilizer with potent antiseizure properties N/A
Pentobarbital Nembutal and generic products Drug Given to Prevent Or Control Seizures Short-acting barbiturate that is effective for controlling seizures N/A
Phenobarbital Luminal, Solfoton, generic formulations Drug Given to Prevent Or Control Seizures Antiseizure Class IV
Primidone Mysoline (human label), Neurosyn (veterinary) Drug Given to Prevent Or Control Seizures Antiseizure N/A
Phenytoin sodium Dilantin Drug Given to Prevent Or Control Seizures Occasionally used in combination with other antiseizure meds N/A
Bromide N/A Drug Given to Prevent Or Control Seizures Anticonvulsant N/A
Clorazepate Tranxene-SD Drug Given to Prevent Or Control Seizures Used as an adjunctive with other antiseizure agents N/A
Felbamate Felbatol Drug Given to Prevent Or Control Seizures Used for complex or partial seizures N/A
Gabapentin Neurontin Drug Given to Prevent Or Control Seizures Adjunctive treatment of seizures that are difficult to control, as well as for partial complex seizures or pain control N/A
Levetiracetam Keppra Drug Given to Prevent Or Control Seizures Adjunct for refractory canine epilepsy N/A
Zonisamide Zonegran Drug Given to Prevent Or Control Seizures Adjunct for refractory canine epilepsy N/A
Isoflurane Forane (human label), IsoFlo (veterinary), Isothesia (veterinary) Inhalant Anesthetic Rapid induction and recovery times N/A
Sevoflurane Ultane (human label), SevoFlo (veterinary) Inhalant Anesthetic Rapid induction and recovery times; used in high-risk, small-animal patients N/A
Halothane Fluothane Inhalant Anesthetic Rapid induction and recovery times N/A
Methoxyflurane Metofane Inhalant Anesthetic Very slow induction and recovery times N/A
Nitrous oxide N/A Inhalant Anesthetic Used as an adjunct to more potent agents during mask induction to speed the induction of anesthesia N/A
Propofol Rapinovet, PropoFlo, Diprivan (human label), PropoFlo-28, PropoClear Miscellaneous CNS Drug Useful for anesthetic induction before administration of an inhalant anesthetic, for outpatient procedures, subsitute for barbiturates in sighthounds, for patients with preexisting cardiac arrhythmia, anesthetic for dogs undergoing c-section N/A
Glyceryl Guaiacolate or Guaifenesin Guailaxin, Gecolate, Guaifenesin Injection, GuaifenJect Miscellaneous CNS Drug Induction or prolongation of general anesthesia in large animals and occasional use as an expectorant N/A
Chloral Hydrate/Magnesium Sulfate N/A Miscellaneous CNS Drug IV agent to produce anesthesia in large animals *not commonly used
Doxapram Dopram-V, Dopram (approved for human use) CNS Stimulant Stimulate respiration in newborns and use during anesthesia N/A
Pentylenetetrazol Metrazol CNS Stimulant Stimulate respirations and to hasten recovery from anesthesia; limited use in veterinary medicine N/A
Caffeine N/A CNS Stimulant Promotes wakefulness N/A
Amphetamines N/A CNS Stimulant Potent stimulant of the cerebral cortex *few legitimate uses in veterinary medicine
Succinylcholine chloride Anectine (human label) Neuromuscular Blocking Agent (Muscle Relaxant) Adjunct to general anesthesia and to facilitate endotracheal intubation N/A
Decamethonium Syncurine Neuromuscular Blocking Agent (Muscle Relaxant) Adjunct to general anesthesia and to facilitate endotracheal intubation N/A
d-Tubocurarine chloride Curare Neuromuscular Blocking Agent (Muscle Relaxant) Adjunct to general anesthesia and to facilitate endotracheal intubation N/A
Gallamine Flaxedil Neuromuscular Blocking Agent (Muscle Relaxant) Adjunct to general anesthesia and to facilitate endotracheal intubation N/A
Pancuronium bromide Pavulon Neuromuscular Blocking Agent (Muscle Relaxant) Adjunct to general anesthesia and to facilitate endotracheal intubation N/A
Vecuronium bromide Norcuron Neuromuscular Blocking Agent (Muscle Relaxant) Adjunct to general anesthesia and to facilitate endotracheal intubation N/A
Atracurium Tracrium Neuromuscular Blocking Agent (Muscle Relaxant) Adjunct to general anesthesia and to facilitate endotracheal intubation N/A
Diazepam Valium Antianxiety Medication (Benzodiazepines) Fears and phobias, separation anxiety, aggression, anxiety-induced stereotypes, urine marking in cats, and appetite stimulation N/A
Alprazolam Xanax Antianxiety Medication (Benzodiazepines) Fears and phobias, separation anxiety, aggression, anxiety-induced stereotypes, urine marking in cats, and appetite stimulation N/A
Lorazepam Ativan Antianxiety Medication (Benzodiazepines) Fears and phobias, separation anxiety, aggression, anxiety-induced stereotypes, urine marking in cats, and appetite stimulation N/A
Buspirone Buspar Antianxiety Medication (Azapirones) Control of urine spraying/marking, fearfulness, anxiety N/A
Amitriptyline Elavil, generic forms Antidepressant (Tricyclic) Separation anxiety, obsessive disorders, fearful aggression, hyperactivity, hypervocalization, and urine marking N/A
Imipramine Tofranil Antidepressant (Tricyclic) Separation anxiety, obsessive disorders, fearful aggression, hyperactivity, hypervocalization, and urine marking N/A
Clomipramine Anafranil, Clomicalm Antidepressant (Tricyclic) Separation anxiety, obsessive disorders, fearful aggression, hyperactivity, hypervocalization, and urine marking N/A
Fluoxetine Prozac (human label), Reconcile (dogs) Antidepressant (Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor) Obsessive disorders, phobias, aggression, separation anxiety N/A
Sertraline Zoloft Antidepressant (Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor) Obsessive disorders, phobias, aggression, separation anxiety N/A
Paroxetine Paxil Antidepressant (Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor) Obsessive disorders, phobias, aggression, separation anxiety N/A
Fluvoxamine Luvox Antidepressant (Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor) Obsessive disorders, phobias, aggression, separation anxiety N/A
Selegiline Eldepryl, Zelapar, Anipryl Antidepressant (Monoamine Oxidase-B Inhibitor) Old-dog dementia, canine Cushing's disease N/A
Megestrol acetate Megace, Ovaban Antidepressant (Synthetic Progestin) Urine spraying/marking, intermale aggression, dominance aggression N/A
Medroxyprogesterone Depo-Provera Antidepressant (Synthetic Progestin Urine spraying/marking, intermale aggression, dominance aggression N/A
Gabapentin N/A Miscellaneous Behavioral Agent Anxiety or social phobia N/A
Clorazepate Tranxene-SD Miscellaneous Behavioral Agent Anxiety or social phobia Class IV
Methylphenidate Ritalin Miscellaneous Behavioral Agent Hyperactivity in dogs Class II
Pentobarbital sodium Sleepaway, Socumb-6GR, Fatal Plus, pentobarbital generic Euthanasia Agent Used for euthanasia Class II
Pentobarbital sodium Beuthanasia, Euthasol, SomnaSol Euthanasia Agent Used for euthanasia *different from other: contains rhodamine B (bluish-red dye), phenytoin, preservative Class III
Created by: SilverSWolfe
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