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Phat 162 Mod 5
T. Scott Week 1 Study Guide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The Renal System (Unrinary) | |
| Structures and functions of the urinary system | |
| Structure | Function |
| 2 kidneys | produce urine & regulate body fluids |
| 2 ureters | transport urine to the urinary bladder |
| 1 urinary bladder | serves as a reservoir for urine |
| 1 urethra | conveys urine from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body |
| 5 Major Classes of Diuretics | |
| (1)osmotic diuretics | ex. Osmitrol (brand),(mannitol)-generic] mannitol is currently the ONLY osmotic diuretic on the market. |
| (2)carbonic anhydrase inhibitors | ex. Diamox (acetazolamide),Neptazane (methazolamide) |
| (3)thiazide & thiazide-like diuretics | ex. Oretic (hydrochlorothiazide) HCTZ and Diurel (chlorothiazide) |
| (4)loop diuretics | ex. Bumex (bumetanide) and Lasix (furosemide) |
| (5)potassium (K-) sparing diuretics | ex. Aldactone (spironolactone) and Midamor (amiloride) |
| osmotic diuretics | are highly effective in the treatment of cerebral edema and are primarily used for this purpose. (IV, usually kept in warmer or at room temp at 86-98 degrees) |
| carbonic anhydrase inhibitors | are used to treat glaucoma and epilepsy and to lessen the effects of high altitudes on the body |
| thiazide & thiazide-like diuretics | are mainly used in the treatment of HTN |
| loop diuretics | are commonly reffered to as "High-ceiling" diuretics. In high doses loop diuretics can increase urine output astronomically, leading to severe hypovolemia(blood lose) & death. They are the drugs of choice (DOC) in the treament of pulmonary edema. |
| loop diuretics | are used in treatment of HTN when other diuretics and antihypertensives do not produce a satisfactory response. |
| potassium sparing diuretics | are used in the treatment of edema associated with CHF, cirrhosis of the liver and kidney disease |
| UTI | urinary tract infection |
| BPH | benign prostatic hyperplasia |
| -this is an abnormal enlargement of the prostate gland. this is the most common medical condition occuring in older men. | |
| Primarily treated with alpha-blockers Ex. Uroxatrol (alfuzosin) | |
| nocturia | frequent urination at night |
| stress incontinence | urine leakage during physical movement |
Created by:
J.Lilly
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