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Science Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Temperature | The measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles that make up that object. |
| Thermal energy | The sum of kinetic energy and the potential energy of all the particles that make up that object. |
| Heat | Energy that is transferred between object due to a temperature difference. |
| Specific heat | The amount of heat needed to raise temperature of 1 kg of the material by 1C |
| Conduction | The transfer of thermal energy by collisions between the particles that make up matter |
| Convection | The transfer of thermal energy in a fluid by the movements of warmer and cooler fluid. |
| Radiation | The transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves. |
| Thermal insulator | A material through which thermal energy makes slowly. |
| Solar collector | A device that transforms radiant energy from the Sun into thermal energy. |
| Thermodynamics | The study of the relations between thermal energy, heat, and work |
| 1st Law of Thermodynamics | States that if the mechanical energy of a system is constant, the increase in thermal energy transfers into that system. |
| 2nd Law of Thermodynamics | States that energy spontaneously spreads regions of higher concentration to regions of lower concentration. |
| Heat engine | A device that converts some thermal energy into mechanical energy. |
| Internal combustion engine | A heat engine that burns fuel inside a set of cylinders. |
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