Help
Options
Question
set of organs that secrete hormones directly into the circulatory system
click to flip
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't know
Question
Pineal gland, Pituitary Gland, Hypothalamus, Thyroid, Parathyroid, Thymus, Adrenal, Pancreas, Ovaries/Testes
Remaining cards (125)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| set of organs that secrete hormones directly into the circulatory system | Endocrine System |
| Pineal gland, Pituitary Gland, Hypothalamus, Thyroid, Parathyroid, Thymus, Adrenal, Pancreas, Ovaries/Testes | Major glands of endocrine system |
| The major glands send ________ through the blood to other organs and tissues in the body to control the function of that organ | Hormones |
| Pineal Gland produces what hormone? | Melatonin |
| The hormone _________ helps maintain circadian rhythms and regulate reproductive hormones. | Melatonin. |
| The hypothalamus is responsible for direct control of the endocrine system through which gland? | Pituitary gland |
| Thyrotropin releasing hormone is released by what gland? | Hypothalamus |
| The hypothalamus releases what 2 growth hormones? | Growth releasing and growth inhibiting hormone |
| Corticotropin-releasing hormone is released by what gland? | Hypothalamus |
| Oxytocin and Anti-dieuretic Hormone are both stored and released in the _______________. | Hypothalamus |
| The anterior portion of the pituitary gland is controlled by releasing and inhibiting hormone of __________. | the Hypothalamus |
| How many hormones does the anterior portion of the pituitary gland produce? | 6 |
| ___________ hormone stimulates the thyroid and is released by the anterior portion of the pituitary gland. | Thyroid-stimulating hormone |
| ______ hormone stimulates the adrenal cortex and is released by the anterior portion of the pituitary gland. | Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone |
| __________ hormone stimulates follicle cells and is released by the anterior portion of the pituitary gland. | Follicle Stimulating Hormone |
| __________ hormone stimulates the gonads to produce the sex hormones and is released by the anterior portion of the pituitary gland. | Luteinizing Hormone |
| __________ hormone stimulates growth, repair and reproduction of target cells and is released by the anterior portion of the pituitary gland. | Human Growth Hormone |
| _________ stimulates the mammary glands to produce breast milk and is released by the anterior portion of the pituitary gland. | Prolactin |
| What two hormones does the posterior pituitary gland release? | Oxytocin, Antidiuretic hormone |
| triggers uterine contraction and release of milk | Oxytocin |
| hormone that prevents water loss | Anti-diuretic hormone |
| Hormones of thyroid gland | thyroxine, calcitonin and triidothyronine |
| hormone aiding in absorption of calcium into bones | Calcitonin |
| 2 hormones that regulate body's metabolic rate | Triiodythronine and Thyroxin |
| Hormone involved with calcium ion homeostasis. | Parathyroid Hormone |
| What hormone does the thymus produce? | Thymosin |
| What gland produces T-lymphocytes? | Thymus |
| Hormone that helps train and develop T-lymphocytes during fetal development and childhood | Thymosin |
| The adrenal cortex produces what 3 cortical hormones? | Glucocorticoids, Mineralcorticoids, Androgens |
| Hormone involved with breakdown of proteins and lipids, reduces inflammation and immune response | Glucocorticoids |
| hormone that helps to regulate concentration of minerals | Mineralcorticoids |
| hormone that regulates growth and activity of cells that are receptive to male hormones. | Androgen |
| The adrenal medulla produces which two hormones? | epinephrine and norepinephrine |
| The ______ is considered to a a heterocrine gland that contains both endocrine and exocrine tissue. | Pancreas |
| Islets of Langerhans | houses pancreas cells, alpha and beta cells |
| Alpha cells - release ___________ and raises blood glucose levels. | Glucagon |
| Beta cells- release _________ and is responsible for lowering blood glucose levels after a meal. | Insulin |
| The gonads produce ___________. | Sex hormones |
| The testes produce the hormone _________. | Testosterone |
| Testosterone | causes growth and increases in strength of the bones and muscles. It also controls growth and development of sex organs |
| The ovaries produce the hormones ________ and _________. | Progesterone and Estrogen |
| Progesterone | maintains appropriate conditions in human body to support fetus |
| Estrogen | - primary female sex hormones, triggers development of female secondary sex characteristics, triggers the increased growth of bones during adolescence that lead to adult height and proportions. |
| Hormone imbalance can cause ________. | Metabolic Disease |
| Nervous and endocrine systems integrate at the ___________. | Hypothalamus |
| The _______- system uses neurons to send and deliver messages that are fast acting, localized and short-lived while your ________ system sends slower moving hormones through the blood that target broad areas and have more lingering effects. | Nervous System; Endocrine System |
| The endocrine system's glands cook up hormones and secrete them into the blood without using ________. | Ducts |
| A _______ is any structure that makes and secretes a hormone. | Gland |
| The _______- gland is also known as the master gland. | Pituitary Gland |
| The __________ gland signals other glands to make their own hormones. | Pituitary Gland |
| Chemically, most hormones are _______ based, though a few, like the gonadal and adrenocortical hormones are steroids synthesized from ________. | Amino-Acid; Cholesterol |
| A hormone can only trigger a reaction in ___________ cells. | Target Cells |
| A hormones chemical structure determines if it's _____- soluble or ________- soluble. | Water , Lipid |
| When a ________ cell is activated, the hormone alters its activity by either increasing or decreasing some of its functions. | Target Cell |
| The _______ axis is the endocrine system's companion to the sympathetic nervous system. | HPA Axis |
| gland that keeps tabs on what's going on all over your body | Hypothalamus |
| In charge of ramping up your blood blood pressure, dumping glucose into your bloodstream, shutting down non-emergency services. | Fight or Flight response |
| The ________ axis sets the thyroid gland into motion so it can regulate just about everything related to your homeostasis. | HPT |
| "Burning glucose" consists of breaking it down so its component parts can be used to produce ____. | ATP |
| the synthesis and release of most hormones are regulated by some type of _____________ system. | Negative feedback system |
| In a negative feedback system, some internal or external stimulus triggers ________________. | Hormone secretion |
| 3 major types of stimuli trigger endocrine glands to manufacture and release their hormones: | Humoral, Neural, Hormonal |
| What element is require for PTH secretion? | Magnesium |
| ______________ is a PTH deficiency | Hypoparathyroidism |
| An extended deficiency of dietary magnesium can cause functional ____________. | Hypoparathyroidism |
| Major hyposecretory disorder of the adrenal cortex | Addison's Disease |
| this disease usually involves deficits in both glucocorticoids and mineralcorticoids | Addison's Disease |
| In the case of Addison's Disease a person's plasma glucose and sodium levels will _________ and their potassium levels will _________. | Drop; Rise |
| Kidney cells produce the hormones __________ and ___________, but their primary function is excretion of body waste. | Renin; Erythropoietin |
| __________- hormones enter the cell and form a DNA- hormone complex before they change cellular function | Steroid Hormones |
| The pre-ganglionic fibers of the sympathetic neurons stimulate the __________ to produce epinephrine and norepinephrine. | Adrenal Medulla |
| What are the 2 chemical classifications of hormones? | Amino-acid based, Steroids |
| The metabolic rate of most body tissues is controlled directly by what gland? | Thyroid |
| Hormones of this gland control the consumption of oxygen by all body tissues by way of an increase in glucose metabolism | Thyroid |
| The declining levels of Calcium ions in the blood control secretion of _________ hormone, which is a humoral stimulus. | PTH |
| Excess glucose levels in the blood stimulate beta cells in the pancreas to secrete __________ | Insulin |
| The transcription of new messenger RNA is a function of __________ hormones. | Steroid |
| This element is included in the production of functional thyroid hormone. | Iodine |
| When a hormone needs another to be fully effective | Permissiveness |
| __________ and _________ are synthesized in the hypothalamus | Oxytocin and ADH |
| Located on the cell DNA and represents the site for a hormone to bind to | Hormone Response Element |
| Water- soluble hormones exhibit the shortest __________ | Half-life |
| Iodination of thyroid hormones is mediated by _________ enzymes. | Peroxidase |
| Hormone produced by the adipose tissue. | Resistin |
| Somatostatin secreted by the pancreas acts locally on cells other than those that secrete it and is therefore referred to as a ____________ hormone. | Paracrine |
| A _________ feedback system works to decrease a product | Negative Feedback System |
| A ____________ feedback system works to increase a product | Positive Feedback System |
| The pineal gland secretes what hormone? | Melatonin |
| The gland involved with sleep patterns and regulation of reproductive hormones. | Pineal Gland |
| This hormone is produced in the hypothalamus and stimulates the release of TSH and prolactin from the anterior pituitary gland. | Thyrotropin-releasing hormone |
| This hormone stimulates the pituitary gland to produce and release growth hormone into the blood stream. | Growth hormone releasing hormone |
| This hormone is also known as somatostatin and inhibits the secretion of other hormones, activity of the GI tract and rapid reproduction of normal and tumor cells. | Growth hormone inhibiting hormone |
| This hormone is produced in the hypothalamus and stimulates production of FSH and LH in the anterior pituitary gland. | GnRH (Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone) |
| The central driver of stress hormone system (HPA Axis) and causes release of adrenocorticotropic hormone from the pituitary gland. | Corticotropin releasing Hormone |
| A hormone produced by the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland. It is involved in contraction of the uterus during child birth and lactation | Oxytocin |
| Also known as Vasopressin. It is produced in the hypothalamus and released in the posterior pituitary gland. It helps control BP by acting on the kidneys and blood vessels. | ADH |
| What is the most important role of ADH? | conserving fluid volume by reducing the amount of water passed out in the urine. |
| This hormone stimulates the thyroid to produce thyroid hormone. | TSH |
| This hormone regulates levels of the steroid hormone cortisol. It increases production of the chemical compounds that trigger an increase in other hormones such as adrenaline and nor adrenaline. | Adrenocorticotropic Hormone |
| Hormone that stimulates follicle cells | FSH |
| this hormone stimulates gonads to produce sex hormones | LH |
| This hormone acts on many parts of the body to promote growth in children. It helps to maintain normal body structure and metabolism. It helps keep blood glucose levels within set levels. | Human Growth Hormone |
| This hormone helps to initiate and maintain breast milk production in pregnant and nursing women | Prolactin |
| The posterior pituitary gland releases what two hormones? | Oxytocin and ADH |
| This hormone is the active form of thyroxine. | Triiodothyronine |
| Main hormone secreted into bloodstream by thyroid gland. Inactive form. Plays vital roles in regulating the body's metabolic rate, heart and digestive functions, muscle control, brain development and maintenance of bones. | Thyroxine |
| This hormone regulates calcium levels in the blood, largely by increasing the levels when they are too low | Parathyroid Hormone |
| PTH stimulates release of ________ from large stores in the bones into the bloodstream. | Calcium |
| In the kidneys, PTH reduces loss of _______ in urine. Stimulates production of active ____________ in the kidneys. | Calcium, Vitamin D |
| PTH increases _________ absorption in intestine from food via its effects on Vitamin D metabolism. | Calcium |
| Hormone that stimulates development of disease-fighting T cells. | Thymosin |
| What 3 hormones are released from the adrenal cortex? | Glucocorticoids, Mineralcorticoids, Androgens |
| This hormone is known particularly for its anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive actions. | Glucocorticoids |
| The most important type of this hormone is aldosterone and it helps to maintain the body's salt and water levels which, in turn, regulates BP | Mineralcorticoids |
| Hormone that regulates growth and activity of cells that are receptive to male hormones. | Androgens |
| Two hormones released in adrenal medulla | Epinephrine and Norepinephrine |
| This hormone is also known as adrenaline and prepares the body for fight or flight response in times of stress. It is only increased at times of acute stress | Epinephrine |
| Also known as noradrenaline. It is the most common neurotransmitter of the SNS. It is continuously released into circulation at low levels. | Norepinephrine |
| This hormone lowers glucose levels and is released by Beta cells. It allows cells in the muscles, liver and fat to take up glucose that has been absorbed into the blood stream from food. | Insulin |
| Hormone that raises blood glucose levels and is secreted into blood stream by alpha cells. | Glucagon |
| Hormone produced in Leydig cells. | Testosterone |
| This hormone causes growth and increase in strength of the bones and muscles. It controls growth and development of sex organs. | Testosterone |
| The primary female sex hormone. | Estrogen |
| Hormone mainly secreted by corpus luteum in the ovary during the second half of the menstrual cycle. | Progesterone |
| The HPA axis involves which 3 glands? | Hypothalamus, Pituitary and Adrenal |
| Fight or flight response is triggered by the __________ and involves the hormone ________________ | SNS, Epinephrine |
Created by:
LaurenAlexa