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Child Dev. Ch. 5
Vocabulary, Newborn
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Neonatal Period | A developmental period during the first few weeks after birth when babies have a unique appearance and are more helpless, fragile, and dependent than they will ever be again. |
| Cephalocaudal Growth Gradient | The tendency for human development to proceed from the top down so that infants' and children's heads and brains grow more rapidly than their legs and feet. |
| Proximodistal Growth Gradient | The tendency for human development to proceed from the center of the body out so that infants' and children's trunks grown more rapidly than their appendages and large movements precede the refined use of fingers and toes. |
| Psychological States | Distinct categories of newborn experience or activity, such as sleeping or crying, that vary according to how aroused or alert the infant is. |
| Rapid Eye Movement (REM) Sleep | An important sleep stat in which infants spend more time that adults and where the brain is especially active. This state may provide needed exercise for the newborn's nervous system. |
| Alert and Waking States | States in which newborns are attentive and can explore their world and exercise their senses and motor abilities. |
| Reflexes | Involuntary movements such as sucking, rooting, and grasping, that are built in to a baby's nervous system. These are present at birth and disappear at about 6 months of age. |
| Habituation | A process in which infants become so familiar with objects or events that they show disinterest in them. Psychologists have taken advantage of habituation to study what babies know and are able to do. |
| Amniocentesis | A procedure to detect genetic disorders before birth by obtaining a small sampling of amniotic fluid as early as the 12th week of a pregnancy. |
| Chorionic Villus Biopsy | A procedure in which genetic disorders are detected by sampling fetal tissue from the outer membrane of the amniotic sac as early as the ninth week of pregnancy. |
| Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale (NBAS) | A rating system that assesses newborn functioning by measuring reflexes, states, responses to stimuli, and soothability. |
| Teratogen | Environmental agents, such as drugs, radiation, or illness, that threaten the development of the fetus. |
| Premature Birth | Births in which children are born at least 3 weeks before the end of the 38 to 42week gestation period or weigh less then 5.5 pounds at the time of delivery Premature babies have a high mortality rate and may suffer developmental difficulties in childhood |
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Twilights Dark Angel
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