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PS: Ch 8

Chapter 8

Question or TermAnswer or Definition
Chemical change resulting from atomic or molecular collisions Chemical Reaction
Expression that uses symbols to represent a chemical reaction Chemical Equation
Original Substance be joined Reactants
Substance made after a reaction Products
Represents how many molecules or formulas are involved in the reaction Coefficient
When reading a chemical equation, what word represents the arrow yields
states total mass of reactants equals total mass of products Law of Conservation of Mass
When the equation has the same number of each type of atoms on each side, the equation is __?__ balanced
Study of the relation between reactions and changes in energy and entropy Chemical Thermodynamics
States matter can be neither created nor destroyed, only transferred 1st Law of Thermodynamics
States matter left to itself will have an increase in disorder or entropy 2nd Law of Thermodynamics
the products and the reactants are known as the __?__ system
the atmosphere around the system surroundings
Energy lost by the system and gained by the surroundings Exothermic reaction
Energy gained by the system and lost by the surrounding Endothermic reaction
Reaction able to occur by itself without continuing outside help Spontaneous Reaction
A reaction is NOT spontaneous when what 3 things happen 1. usable energy is provided by an outside source 2. Surrounding lose more usable energy then the system gains 3. Surrounding helps reaction occur
Study of the rates of chemical reactions Chemical Kinetics
Five main factors that affect the rate of a chemical reaction Activation Energy, Temperature, Catalyst, Surface Area, Concentration
The kinetic energy needed for a reaction to occur is known as __?__ Activation Energy
A high activation energy makes the reaction occur __?__ slowly
An increase in temperature will __?__ the rate of the reaction increase
An increase in the concentration will __?__ the rate of the reaction increase
Increase the pressure of a gas, which increases the # of collisions, will increase the rate of reaction is known as what process Combustion
Decreasing the surface area will __?__ the rate of reaction decrease
Substance that alters the rate of reaction WITHOUT being permanently changed in the reaction Catalyst
When a reversible reaction occurs at the same rate as the original reaction, it is known as Chemical Equilibrium
states when equilibrium is disturbed, the system will react to at least partially offset the disturbance Le Chatelier's Principle
A + B -> AB Combination/Synthesis reaction
AB -> A + B Decomposition reaction
AB + C -> AC + B Single - displacement reaction
AB + CD -> AC + BD Double - displacement reaction
What law requires that every chemical reaction must cause a decrease in usable energy and increase in entropy 2nd Law of Thermodynamics
Created by: Mrs. Sechrist
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