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etoh
etoh alcohol for biology of drugs
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Overall effect of alcohol on the brain: stimulant or depressant? | Depressant |
| Drinking alcohol: ethyl or isopropyl? | ethyl alcohol |
| ETOH | abbreviation for ethyl alcohol |
| Ethyl alcohol | drinking alcohol |
| Isopropyl alcohol | rubbing alcohol |
| Primary site of ETOH absorption | small intestine |
| Primary site of ETOH metabolism | liver |
| Metabolism | breakdown of a drug |
| T or F: men metabolize more ETOH in the stomach than women | True |
| First pass effect | alcohol first passes through the liver and is partially broken down so not all of what was consumed gets distributed to the body |
| Alcohol dehydrogenase | enzyme that breaks down ETOH into acetaldehyde |
| Acetaldehyde | toxic intermediate formed when ETOH is broken down by body |
| Associated with alcoholism: higher or lower levels of alcohol dehydrogenase? | higher |
| Which organ is the main processing site for food and ETOH? | Liver |
| How does Antabuse work? | It deters drinking by preventing the breakdown of acetaldehyde, resulting in buildup of acetaldehyde and its associated hangover symptoms |
| When does fatty liver occur and why? | Occurs when both fat and ETOH are present in the liver. The liver’s priority is to metabolize ETOH, so it stores fat in the liver until ETOH is completely processed. |
| Alcoholic Hepatitis | Inflammation of the liver due to alcohol consumption |
| Cirrhosis | destruction of the liver in which scars replace functional liver tissue |
| Is there a cure for cirrhosis? | Aside from liver transplant: NO |
| How does alcohol contribute to “heartburn?” | ETOH relaxes the sphincter between the esophagus and stomach, allowing acidic contents of stomach to irritate the esophagus |
| Pancreas | endocrine gland important for digestion: regulates blood sugar and secretes digestive enzymes |
| T or F: drinking is a common cause of pancreatitis | True |
| Alcoholic Pancreatitis | drinking causes especially painful inflammation of the pancreas because digestive enzymes leak out of the pancreatic ducts and irritate pancreatic tissue |
| Why are patients hospitalized with alcoholic pancreatitis ordered to NOT eat or drink? | food in the digestive tract will stimulate production of digestive enzymes which will cause the patient pain |
| How does ETOH indirectly contribute to pancreatic cancer? | ETOH may cause pancreatitis. Chronic pancreatitis increases risk pancreatic cancer. |
| What is the 2nd most common cause of death in alcoholics? | cancer |
| Name some cancers ETOH is directly associated with | cancers of mouth, throat, esophagus, rectum, and breasts |
| Holiday Heart Syndrome | heart attack symptoms associated with binge drinking |
| Korsakoff Syndrome | can’t form new memories; caused by ETOH and malnutrition, especially thiamine |
| T or F: ETOH causes impaired erections in males and longer time to orgasm in females | True |
Created by:
jondoh
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