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Car/Pul Unit 1

SPC Cardiopulmonary Physiology Unit 1 Exam 1A

QuestionAnswer
What are the 4 types of Epithelium? 1. Stratified Squamous 2. Pseudo/Stratified Columnar 3. Cuboidal 4. Simple Squamous
What are the 4 parts of the Upper Airways? 1. Nose 2. Mouth 3. Pharynx 4. Larynx
What are the 7 parts of the Lower Airways? 1. Trachea 2. Mainstem Bronchi 3. Lobar Bronchi 4. Segmental Bronchi 5. Subsegmental Bronchi 6. Bronchioles 7. Terminal Bronchioles
How many Trachea do you have? 1
How many Mainstem Bronchi do you have? 2
How many Lobar Bronchi do you have? 5
How many Segmental Bronchi do you have? 18-19
How many Subsegmental Bronchi do you have? <40
How many Bronchioles do you have? 1,000
How many Terminal Bronchioles do you have? 40,000
What are the 4 parts of gas exchange from largest to smallest? 1. Respiratory Bronchioles 2. Alveolar Ducts 3. Alveolar Sacs 4. Alveoli
How many Respiratory Bronchioles do you have? 250,000
How many Alveolar Ducts do you have? 4 Million
How many Alveolar Sacs do you have? 8.5 Million
How many Alveoli do you have? 300 Million
What are the 3 Nasal Regions? 1. Vestibular 2. Olfactory 3. Respiratory
What Epithelium is in the Vestibular area? Stratified Squamous
What are the 3 parts of the Vestibular area? 1. Alae 2. Septum 3. Vibrissae
What is the main features of the Respiratory area? Turbinates/Conchae
What Epithelium is in the Respiratory area? Pseudo-stratified Ciliated Columnar
What are the 3 types of Pharynx and their respected Epithelium? 1. Nasopharynx (Pseudo-stratified Ciliated Columnar) 2. Oropharynx (Stratified Squamous) 3. Laryngo/Hypopharynx (Stratified Squamous)
What is the epithelium above the cords? Stratified Squamous
What is the epithelium below the cords? Pseudo-stratified Ciliated Columnar
What are the 3 single cartilages? 1. Epiglottis 2. Thyroid 3. Cricoid
What are the 3 paired cartilages? 1. Arytenoids 2. Corniculates 3. Cuniforms
What is the length of the Trachea? 11-13cm
What is the diameter of the Trachea? 1.5-2.5cm
How many C-shaped cartilages are in the Trachea? 15-20
Carina is how far from the lips? 21-23cm
C-5 to T-5 is what as to the Trachea? The location the trachea sits along the vertebrae
Right Bronchi is what angle? 20-30
Left Bronchi is what angle? 40-60
Goblet Cells do what? Produce Mucus
Basal Cells do what? Known as "reserve cells" they replace depleted goblet cells or cilia cells.
Lamina Propria contains what? 1. Lymphatic Vessels 2. Smooth Muscle 3. Mast cells (found in submucosal glands) 4. Vagal Nerve Branches
What is Collateral Ventilation? The ventilation of alveolar structures through passages or channels that bypass the normal airways
Canals of Lambert connect what? Adjacent Terminal Bronchiols
What are Pores of Kohn? Discrete holes in walls of adjacent alveoli. Cuboidal type II alveolar cell usually forms part of aperture.
Pores of Kohn connect what? Adjacent Alveoli
Respiratory Bronchiole is made of what epithelium? Simple Cuboidal
What are type 1 cells? Structural support of gas exchange; Squamous Pneumocystis
What are type 2 cells? Inclusion bodies produce surfactant; Granular Pneumocyte
What are type 3 cells? Phagocytic "scavenger" cleans bacteria and debris; Alveolar Macrophage
A-C Membrane is abbreviated for what? Alveolar-Capillary Membrane
What are the 5 layers of the A/C membrane? 1. Alveolar Epithelium 2. Alveolar Basement Membrane 3. Interstitum 4. Capillary Basement Membrane 5. Capillary Endothelium
What is in the tight space of the Interstitum? Gas Exchange
What is in the loose space of the Intersistum? Collagen for support & lymphatic vessels for fluid drainage
Thoracic cage consists of what 3 bones? 1. Clavicles 2. Sternum 3. Ribs
What are the 3 parts of the sternum? 1. Manubrium 2. Body 3. Xiphoid Process
What are the 3 types of ribs and location? 1. True Ribs 1-7 2. False Ribs 8-10 3. Floating 11 & 12
The Pleural Cavity is between what? Visceral Pleura of the lungs and Parietal Pleura of the Ribs, Mediastinum, & Diaphram
What is the Pulmonary Ligament? Where the pleurae fuse at the hilum
Pleural Cavity is made of what type of epithelium? Cuboidal
Mediastinum consist of what? Trachea/Mainstem Bronchi/Heart/Thoracic Duct/Esophagus/Phrenic & Vagus Nerves/Aorta & Pulmonary Artery
Right lobes of lung are? Upper/Middle/Lower
Left lobes of lung are? Upper/Lower
Right Lung has what fissures? Horizontal & Oblique
Left Lung has what fissures? Oblique
Horizontal Fissure of the right lung separate what? Upper & Middle
Oblique Fissure of the right lung separates what? Middle & Lower
Oblique Fissure of the left lung separates what? Upper & Lower
T/F The Lymphatic System is Superficial? True
Where is the Lymphatic System? Lays just below the Visceral Pleura
What does the Lymphatic System do? Drains excess pleural fluid
The vessels of the Lymphatic systems drains how much fluid? 10-50ml/hour from the Parenchyma to the Hilum & eventually to the thoracic duct.
Lymph nodes produce what? Lymphocytes and Monocytes
How is a sneeze induced? Via irritation of the Trigeminal nerve
How is a cough induced? Via irritation of the Glossopharyngeal or Vagus nerve
Mucociliary Escalator is stimulated by? Cholinergic stimulation
Alveolar Clearance is what? Macrophages that clear out the alveolar (Type 3 Cells)
T/F Immunoglobulins is also known as antibodies? True
What is IgA antibody? Antiviral
What is IgE antibody? Associated with type 1 hypersensitivity reactions (Asthma)
What is IgG & IgM antibody? Antibacterial & Viral
B Lymphocytes are where and produce what?? Originate in the bone marrow and produce gamma globulin antibodies
T Lymphocytes are where and do what? Originate in the thymus gland and are T4 (helper cells) & T8 (suppressor cells)
The trachea begins and ends where? Begins at the Croixoid Cartilage and ends at the Carina
Created by: Langhout1418
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