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psyc308 (theories)
chapter 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| sensorimotor (Piaget) | 1st stage: the infant constructs an understanding of the world by coordinating sensory experiences with physical actions, An infant progresses from eflexive, instinctual action at birth to the beginning of sysbolic thought toward the end of the stage |
| Pre-operational (Piaget) | Stage 2, The child begins to represent the world with words and images reflect increased symbolic thinking and go beyond the connection of sensory information and physical action (different size cup experiment) |
| Concrete operational (Piaget) | Stage 3: the child can now reason logically about concrete events and classify objects into different sets |
| Formal operational (Piaget) | Final stage:The adolescent reasons in more abstract, idealistic, and logical way. |
| Erikson's psychosocial theory (stages1-4) | 1st stage: trust/mistrust (rely on their parents taking care of them) 2nd stage: autonomy/ shame and doubt (can go explore things and and become their own person, but can go back to parents for support) 3rd stage: initiative/ guilt (creat friendships) 4 |
| Erikson's psychosocial theory (stages5-8) | 5th stage: identity/identity confusion (figure out who they are "hairstyle") 6th stage: intimacy/ isolation (close friendships find connections outside the family) 7th stage: generation/ stagnation (ask themselves if they are giving back to the community |
| Vygotsky's theory (1896-1934) | A sociocultural cognitive theory that emphasizes how culture and social interaction guide cognitive development. He stresses that cogn devlopment invol learning to use the invents of society(Language, mathmatic systems). Adolescents learn to use tools to |
| B.F. Skinner operant conditioning (1904-1990) | A behavior followed by a rewarding stimulus is more likely to recur, whereas a behavior followed by a punishment stimulus is less likely to recur. |
| Bandura's social cognitive theory (1925-now) | A cognitive processes have important links with the environment and behavior. Ex: a young boy might observe his father yelling in anger and treating other people with hostility; with his peers, the boy later acts very aggressively, showing the same charac |
| Ecological theory Uriel Bronfenbrenner (1917-2005) | Holds the development reflects the influence of five environmental systems( Microsystem(where they live, their family, peers, school, neighborhood), mesosystems (relation of family experiences to school experiences), exosystem(parent gets a promotion), ma |
Created by:
tarat3
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