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Genitics/Unit 4

Vocab for Unit 4

TermDefinition
Heredity The passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring
gene one set of instructions for an inherited trait
DNA deoxyribonucleic acid, a molecule that is present in all living cells and that contains the information that determines the traits that a living thing inherits and needs to live
chromosome in a eukaryotic cell, one of the structures in the nucleus that are made up of DNA and protein; in a prokaryotic cell, the main ring of DNA
dominant trait the trait observed in the first generation when parents that have different traits are bred
recessive trait a trait that is apparent only when to recessive alleles for the same charicteristic are inherited
alleles one of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a charicteristic, such as hair color
genotype the entire genetic makeup of an organism; also the combination of genes for one or more specific traits
phenotype an organisms appearance or other detectable characteristic
meiosis a process in cell division during which the number of chromosomes decreases to half the original number by two divisions of the nucleus, which results in the production of sex cells
mitosis in eukaryotic cells, a process of cell division that forms two new nuclei, each of which has the same number of chromosomes
asexual formed by, characterized by, or being a process of reproduction that does not combine the male and female reproduction cells
reproduction the process in which living things produce offspring
egg cell a female reproductive cell of animals and plants that can unite with a sperm cell to form a new individual
sperm cell a male reproductive cell of animals and plants that can unite with an egg cell to create a new individual
Created by: jblove0327
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