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ABA SAFMEDS
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Interdependent Group Contingency | All participants who meet the criterion get a reward |
| Parsimony | Rule out simple explanations first |
| Formal Similarity | When controlling stimulus and response share the same sense mode and physically resemble each other |
| Relevance of Behavior Rule | Only behaviors likely to produce reinforcement in person's natural environment should be targeted for change |
| Transitivity | Stimulus equivalence A=B B=C A=C |
| Dimensions of ABA | BAT CAGE |
| Stimulus Equivalence | Emergence of accurate responding to untrained and non reinforced stimulus-stimulus relations |
| Treatment Drift | Independent variable of experiment is applied differently in later stages of study than at onset |
| Function Based Definition | Designates responses as members of the targeted response class solely in terms of their effect on environment |
| Unpairing | Occurrence alone of a stimulus that aquired it's function by being paired with an effective stimulus Occurrence of stimulus in absence and presence of effective stimulus |
| Postreinforcement Pause | Absence of responding for a period of time following reinforcement; common in fixed schedules |
| Respondent Behavior | NOT contingency shaped, It is elicited by an antecedent. Pavlov |
| Speaker | Someone who engages in verbal behavior by emitting mands/tacts/intraverbals/autoclictics ect |
| Partial Interval Recording | Time sampling; mark yes if behavior occurs at any point in the interval |
| Variable Interval DRO | Reinforcement is available at the end of a variable interval for the absence of problem behavior |
| Differential Reinforcement of Other Behaviors | Reinforcement is contingent on the absence of the problem behavior during specific times |
| Differential Reinforcement of High Rates | Reinforcement is provided at the end of an interval if the number of responses is greater than the criterion (gradually increasing) |
| Whole Interval Recording | Mark yes if behavior occurs throughout entire interval. Underestimates |
| CMO | MO whose value altering effect depends on a learning history |
| Variable-Momentary DRO | Reinforcement is available at specific moments separated by variable amounts of time if problem behavior is not occuring at that time |
| Differential Reinforcement of Diminishing Rates | Reinforcement provided at the end of an interval if if the number of responses is below a certain criteria (decreases over time) |
| Discontinuous Measurement | Way of collecting data where some instances of the response class may not be detected (time sampling) |
| Convergent Multiple Control | When single response is a function of more than one variable |
| Validity of Measurement | Is the measurement method used relevant to the behavior of interest? |
| Value Altering Effect | Alteration in reinforcing effectiveness of a stimulus as a result of an MO |
| Fading | Procedure for transferring stimulus control in which features of an antecedent stimulus are gradually changed to a new stimulus while maintaining the current function |
| Event Recording | Measurement procedure for obtaining a tally or count of the number of time a behavior occurs |
| Single Subject Designs | Have baseline logic to demonstrate effects of independent variable. No control groups |
| Feature Stimulus Class | Stimuli that share common physical forms/structures or common relative relationships |
| Restitutional Overcorrection | When the learner is required to bring environment to it's original state then make it better than it was before |
| Total Task Training | Variation of forward chaining in which the learner receives training on each behavior in the chain each session |
| Reinforcer-Establishing Effect | Increase in the reinforcing effectiveness of a stimulus/event caused by an MO |
| Reinforcer-Abolishing Effect | Decrease in reinforcing effectiveness of a stimulus/obj/event cause by an MO |
| Rule Governed Behavior | Behavior controlled by a rule; enables human behavior to come under indirect control of temporarily remote/improbable but potentially significant consequences |
| Motivating Operation | Environmental Variable Alters the reinforcing effectiveness of some stimulus/object/event Alters current frequency of all behaviors that have been reinforced by that stimulus/obj/event |
| Multiple Exemplar Training | Instruction that provides the learner with practice in a variety of stimulus conditions/response variations/response topographies to ensure generalization |
| Time Sampling | Measurement of the presence or absence of a bx in specific time intervals - use with continuous/high rate bxs |
| Differential Reinforcement of Incompatible Behaviors | Reinforcement is delivered for a bx that is topographically incompatible with the behavior targeted for reduction and withheld following instances of the problem bx |
| Conditioned Stimulus | A formerly neutral stimulus change that elicits respondent behavior only after it has been paired with an unconditioned stimulus |
| Establishing Operation | An MO that establishes the effectiveness of some stimulus/obj/event as a reinforcer |
| Operant Behavior | Behavior that is brought under stimulus control as a function of it's consequences. |
| Respondent Conditioning | Stimus-stimulus pairing procedure in which a neutral stimulus is presented with an unconditioned stimulus until the neutral stimulus elicits the conditioned response |
| Operant Conditioning | Consequences result in an increased or decreased frequency of the same type of bx under similar motivational and environmental conditions in the future |
| Repertoire | All of the bxs a person can do/ set of bxs relevant to a particular setting/task |
| Reliability | Consistency of measurement / extent to which repeated measurement of the same event yields same values |
| Response Cost | Contingent loss of reinforcers producing a decrease in the frequency of bx before it - negative punishment |
| Stimulus-Stimulus Pairing | Two stimuli are presented at the same time - usually repeatedly resulting in one stimulus aquireing the function of the other |
| Momentary Time Sampling | Measurement Method - presence/absence of behaviors are recorded at precisely specified time intervals |
| Interresponse Time | Temporal Locus: time between two responses |
| Informed consent | When recipient of services/study participant gives permission before treatment A)demonstrate capacity to decide B)do so voluntarily C) Have adequate knowledge of all salient aspects of the treatment |
| Radical Behaviorism | Attempts to understand all human behavior including private events (thoughts/feelings) in terms of controlling variables |
| Unconditioned Negative Reinforcer | Stimulus that functions as negative reinforcer as a result of evolution |
| Unconditioned Punisher | Stimulus change that decreases any bx that precedes it without a learning history - primary/unlearned also |
| Unconditioned Stimulus | Stimulus change that elicits respondent behavior - no prior learning required |
| Tact | Evoked by nonverbal descriminative stimulus and followed by generalized conditioned reinforcement |
| Response Latency | Temporal Locus - measure of elapsed time between onset of a stimulus and the initiation of a response |
| Shaping | Using differential reinforcement to produce a series of gradually changing response classes, each response class is a successive approximation towards a final bx |
| Textual | Evoked by a verbal stimulus; has point to point correspondence but no formal similarity |
| Reflexivity | Stimulus to stimulus relation in which learner without any prior training selects a comparison stimulus that is the same as the sample (matching) |
| Level | Value of the vertical axis around which a series of behavioral measures converge |
| CMO-T | Environmental variable that as a result of a learning history establishes (or abolishes) the reinforcing effectiveness of another stimulus and evokes (or abates) the bx that has been reinforced by that other stimulus |
| UMO | MO whose value-altering effect does not depend on a learning history |
| Trend | Overall direction taken by data path. |
| Degree | Extent of variability of data points around trend (gradual/steep) |
| Functional Communication Training (FCT) | Antecedent intervention in which an appropriate communicative bx is taught as a replacement behavior for a problem bx |
| Systematic Desensitization | Treatment for anxiety that involves substituting one response (muscle relaxation) for anxiety. |
| Successive Approximaions | Sequence of new response classes that emerge during the shaping process as the result of differential reinforcement |
| Pivotal Behavior | Behavior that when learned produces corresponding modifications in other untrained behaviors |
| Symmetry | Stimulus equivalence A=B B=A |
| Function Altering Effect | Relatively permanent change in an organisms repertoire caused by reinforcement/punishment/extinction procedure or recovery from punishment |
| Respondent Behavior | The response component of a reflex. Elicited |
| Response Generalization | Extent to which a learner emits untrained responses that are functionally equivalent to the trained target bx |
| Social Validity | A progam is socially valid if it helps the learner in their natural environment |
| Rate | Ratio or count per observation time |
| Multiple Schedules of Reinforcement | 2+ basic schedules of reinforcement in an alternating (usually random) sequence; Sd associated with each one |
| Concurrent Schedules of Reinforcement | When 2 or more contingencies of reinforcement operate independently and simultaneously for 2+ bxs |
| Mixed Schedules of Reinforcement | 2+ basic schedules of reinforcement in an alternating sequence where there is no Sd so signify which is in place |
| Tandem Schedules of Reinforcement | 2 or more basic schedule requirements that occur successively. Order does not matter |
| Alternative Schedules of Reinforcement | Provides reinforcement when requirement for EITHER ratio or interval is met. |
| Phases of Intervention | A PIE Assessment, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation |
| Indirect Assessment | Data obtained from recollections, or subjective ratings of events (interviews/checklists) |
| Direct Assessment | Provide information about subject's behavior as it occurs (tests, direct observations) |
| Ecological Assessment | The physical setting and the people in it. |
| Access Behaviors | Will this behavior create a benefit/open new environments (ex. sitting quietly, school environment) |
| Data Collection Methods for Descriptive FBA's | ABC Continuous/ ABC Narrative / Scatterplot |
| ABC Continuous Recording | Record occurrences of targeted problem behaviors and selected environmental events within the natural routine during specific period of time |
| ABC Narrative Recording | Data only collected when behaviors of interest are observed |
| 6 Basic Client Rights | 1. Ongoing assessment 2. Teach FXal skills |
| Operational Definitions | 1. Objective 2. Clear 3. Complete |
| Free Operant Reinforcer Assessment | Fill environment with possible reinforcers and see what they choose |
| Methods of Stimulus Preference Assessment | 1. Asking 2. Free Operant observations 3. Trail based methods |
| Paired Stimulus Preference Assessment | AKA forced choice Present two stimuli and record which was chosen. Every pair must be presented |
| Multiple Stimulus Preference Assessment | Present 3+ stimuli, can be WITH or WITHOUT replacement |
| Single Stimulus Preference Assessment | Present one item at a time and record the learners response to it |
| Elements of Behavior | 1. individual 2. continuous 3.determined 4. extrinsic ICED |
| 6 Components of Experiments | 1. subject 2. behavior 3. setting 4. treatment/s 5. measurement system 6. experimental design |
| Types of Experimental Designs | 1. Nonparametric 2. Parametric |
| Nonparametric Experimenal Design | IV either present or absent during study (baseline and one IV) |
| Parametric Experimental Design | The value of the IV is changed but it is not removed |
| Baseline Logic | 3 parts; prediction, verification, replication |
Created by:
myfatrat