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Interdependent Group Contingency
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Parsimony
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ABA SAFMEDS

TermDefinition
Interdependent Group Contingency All participants who meet the criterion get a reward
Parsimony Rule out simple explanations first
Formal Similarity When controlling stimulus and response share the same sense mode and physically resemble each other
Relevance of Behavior Rule Only behaviors likely to produce reinforcement in person's natural environment should be targeted for change
Transitivity Stimulus equivalence A=B B=C A=C
Dimensions of ABA BAT CAGE
Stimulus Equivalence Emergence of accurate responding to untrained and non reinforced stimulus-stimulus relations
Treatment Drift Independent variable of experiment is applied differently in later stages of study than at onset
Function Based Definition Designates responses as members of the targeted response class solely in terms of their effect on environment
Unpairing Occurrence alone of a stimulus that aquired it's function by being paired with an effective stimulus Occurrence of stimulus in absence and presence of effective stimulus
Postreinforcement Pause Absence of responding for a period of time following reinforcement; common in fixed schedules
Respondent Behavior NOT contingency shaped, It is elicited by an antecedent. Pavlov
Speaker Someone who engages in verbal behavior by emitting mands/tacts/intraverbals/autoclictics ect
Partial Interval Recording Time sampling; mark yes if behavior occurs at any point in the interval
Variable Interval DRO Reinforcement is available at the end of a variable interval for the absence of problem behavior
Differential Reinforcement of Other Behaviors Reinforcement is contingent on the absence of the problem behavior during specific times
Differential Reinforcement of High Rates Reinforcement is provided at the end of an interval if the number of responses is greater than the criterion (gradually increasing)
Whole Interval Recording Mark yes if behavior occurs throughout entire interval. Underestimates
CMO MO whose value altering effect depends on a learning history
Variable-Momentary DRO Reinforcement is available at specific moments separated by variable amounts of time if problem behavior is not occuring at that time
Differential Reinforcement of Diminishing Rates Reinforcement provided at the end of an interval if if the number of responses is below a certain criteria (decreases over time)
Discontinuous Measurement Way of collecting data where some instances of the response class may not be detected (time sampling)
Convergent Multiple Control When single response is a function of more than one variable
Validity of Measurement Is the measurement method used relevant to the behavior of interest?
Value Altering Effect Alteration in reinforcing effectiveness of a stimulus as a result of an MO
Fading Procedure for transferring stimulus control in which features of an antecedent stimulus are gradually changed to a new stimulus while maintaining the current function
Event Recording Measurement procedure for obtaining a tally or count of the number of time a behavior occurs
Single Subject Designs Have baseline logic to demonstrate effects of independent variable. No control groups
Feature Stimulus Class Stimuli that share common physical forms/structures or common relative relationships
Restitutional Overcorrection When the learner is required to bring environment to it's original state then make it better than it was before
Total Task Training Variation of forward chaining in which the learner receives training on each behavior in the chain each session
Reinforcer-Establishing Effect Increase in the reinforcing effectiveness of a stimulus/event caused by an MO
Reinforcer-Abolishing Effect Decrease in reinforcing effectiveness of a stimulus/obj/event cause by an MO
Rule Governed Behavior Behavior controlled by a rule; enables human behavior to come under indirect control of temporarily remote/improbable but potentially significant consequences
Motivating Operation Environmental Variable Alters the reinforcing effectiveness of some stimulus/object/event Alters current frequency of all behaviors that have been reinforced by that stimulus/obj/event
Multiple Exemplar Training Instruction that provides the learner with practice in a variety of stimulus conditions/response variations/response topographies to ensure generalization
Time Sampling Measurement of the presence or absence of a bx in specific time intervals - use with continuous/high rate bxs
Differential Reinforcement of Incompatible Behaviors Reinforcement is delivered for a bx that is topographically incompatible with the behavior targeted for reduction and withheld following instances of the problem bx
Conditioned Stimulus A formerly neutral stimulus change that elicits respondent behavior only after it has been paired with an unconditioned stimulus
Establishing Operation An MO that establishes the effectiveness of some stimulus/obj/event as a reinforcer
Operant Behavior Behavior that is brought under stimulus control as a function of it's consequences.
Respondent Conditioning Stimus-stimulus pairing procedure in which a neutral stimulus is presented with an unconditioned stimulus until the neutral stimulus elicits the conditioned response
Operant Conditioning Consequences result in an increased or decreased frequency of the same type of bx under similar motivational and environmental conditions in the future
Repertoire All of the bxs a person can do/ set of bxs relevant to a particular setting/task
Reliability Consistency of measurement / extent to which repeated measurement of the same event yields same values
Response Cost Contingent loss of reinforcers producing a decrease in the frequency of bx before it - negative punishment
Stimulus-Stimulus Pairing Two stimuli are presented at the same time - usually repeatedly resulting in one stimulus aquireing the function of the other
Momentary Time Sampling Measurement Method - presence/absence of behaviors are recorded at precisely specified time intervals
Interresponse Time Temporal Locus: time between two responses
Informed consent When recipient of services/study participant gives permission before treatment A)demonstrate capacity to decide B)do so voluntarily C) Have adequate knowledge of all salient aspects of the treatment
Radical Behaviorism Attempts to understand all human behavior including private events (thoughts/feelings) in terms of controlling variables
Unconditioned Negative Reinforcer Stimulus that functions as negative reinforcer as a result of evolution
Unconditioned Punisher Stimulus change that decreases any bx that precedes it without a learning history - primary/unlearned also
Unconditioned Stimulus Stimulus change that elicits respondent behavior - no prior learning required
Tact Evoked by nonverbal descriminative stimulus and followed by generalized conditioned reinforcement
Response Latency Temporal Locus - measure of elapsed time between onset of a stimulus and the initiation of a response
Shaping Using differential reinforcement to produce a series of gradually changing response classes, each response class is a successive approximation towards a final bx
Textual Evoked by a verbal stimulus; has point to point correspondence but no formal similarity
Reflexivity Stimulus to stimulus relation in which learner without any prior training selects a comparison stimulus that is the same as the sample (matching)
Level Value of the vertical axis around which a series of behavioral measures converge
CMO-T Environmental variable that as a result of a learning history establishes (or abolishes) the reinforcing effectiveness of another stimulus and evokes (or abates) the bx that has been reinforced by that other stimulus
UMO MO whose value-altering effect does not depend on a learning history
Trend Overall direction taken by data path.
Degree Extent of variability of data points around trend (gradual/steep)
Functional Communication Training (FCT) Antecedent intervention in which an appropriate communicative bx is taught as a replacement behavior for a problem bx
Systematic Desensitization Treatment for anxiety that involves substituting one response (muscle relaxation) for anxiety.
Successive Approximaions Sequence of new response classes that emerge during the shaping process as the result of differential reinforcement
Pivotal Behavior Behavior that when learned produces corresponding modifications in other untrained behaviors
Symmetry Stimulus equivalence A=B B=A
Function Altering Effect Relatively permanent change in an organisms repertoire caused by reinforcement/punishment/extinction procedure or recovery from punishment
Respondent Behavior The response component of a reflex. Elicited
Response Generalization Extent to which a learner emits untrained responses that are functionally equivalent to the trained target bx
Social Validity A progam is socially valid if it helps the learner in their natural environment
Rate Ratio or count per observation time
Multiple Schedules of Reinforcement 2+ basic schedules of reinforcement in an alternating (usually random) sequence; Sd associated with each one
Concurrent Schedules of Reinforcement When 2 or more contingencies of reinforcement operate independently and simultaneously for 2+ bxs
Mixed Schedules of Reinforcement 2+ basic schedules of reinforcement in an alternating sequence where there is no Sd so signify which is in place
Tandem Schedules of Reinforcement 2 or more basic schedule requirements that occur successively. Order does not matter
Alternative Schedules of Reinforcement Provides reinforcement when requirement for EITHER ratio or interval is met.
Phases of Intervention A PIE Assessment, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation
Indirect Assessment Data obtained from recollections, or subjective ratings of events (interviews/checklists)
Direct Assessment Provide information about subject's behavior as it occurs (tests, direct observations)
Ecological Assessment The physical setting and the people in it.
Access Behaviors Will this behavior create a benefit/open new environments (ex. sitting quietly, school environment)
Data Collection Methods for Descriptive FBA's ABC Continuous/ ABC Narrative / Scatterplot
ABC Continuous Recording Record occurrences of targeted problem behaviors and selected environmental events within the natural routine during specific period of time
ABC Narrative Recording Data only collected when behaviors of interest are observed
6 Basic Client Rights 1. Ongoing assessment 2. Teach FXal skills
Operational Definitions 1. Objective 2. Clear 3. Complete
Free Operant Reinforcer Assessment Fill environment with possible reinforcers and see what they choose
Methods of Stimulus Preference Assessment 1. Asking 2. Free Operant observations 3. Trail based methods
Paired Stimulus Preference Assessment AKA forced choice Present two stimuli and record which was chosen. Every pair must be presented
Multiple Stimulus Preference Assessment Present 3+ stimuli, can be WITH or WITHOUT replacement
Single Stimulus Preference Assessment Present one item at a time and record the learners response to it
Elements of Behavior 1. individual 2. continuous 3.determined 4. extrinsic ICED
6 Components of Experiments 1. subject 2. behavior 3. setting 4. treatment/s 5. measurement system 6. experimental design
Types of Experimental Designs 1. Nonparametric 2. Parametric
Nonparametric Experimenal Design IV either present or absent during study (baseline and one IV)
Parametric Experimental Design The value of the IV is changed but it is not removed
Baseline Logic 3 parts; prediction, verification, replication
Created by: myfatrat
 

 



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