ABA SAFMEDS
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| Interdependent Group Contingency | All participants who meet the criterion get a reward
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| Parsimony | Rule out simple explanations first
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| Formal Similarity | When controlling stimulus and response share the same sense mode and physically resemble each other
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| Relevance of Behavior Rule | Only behaviors likely to produce reinforcement in person's natural environment should be targeted for change
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| Transitivity | Stimulus equivalence
A=B B=C A=C
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| Dimensions of ABA | BAT CAGE
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| Stimulus Equivalence | Emergence of accurate responding to untrained and non reinforced stimulus-stimulus relations
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| Treatment Drift | Independent variable of experiment is applied differently in later stages of study than at onset
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| Function Based Definition | Designates responses as members of the targeted response class solely in terms of their effect on environment
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| Unpairing | Occurrence alone of a stimulus that aquired it's function by being paired with an effective stimulus
Occurrence of stimulus in absence and presence of effective stimulus
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| Postreinforcement Pause | Absence of responding for a period of time following reinforcement; common in fixed schedules
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| Respondent Behavior | NOT contingency shaped, It is elicited by an antecedent. Pavlov
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| Speaker | Someone who engages in verbal behavior by emitting mands/tacts/intraverbals/autoclictics ect
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| Partial Interval Recording | Time sampling; mark yes if behavior occurs at any point in the interval
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| Variable Interval DRO | Reinforcement is available at the end of a variable interval for the absence of problem behavior
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| Differential Reinforcement of Other Behaviors | Reinforcement is contingent on the absence of the problem behavior during specific times
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| Differential Reinforcement of High Rates | Reinforcement is provided at the end of an interval if the number of responses is greater than the criterion (gradually increasing)
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| Whole Interval Recording | Mark yes if behavior occurs throughout entire interval. Underestimates
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| CMO | MO whose value altering effect depends on a learning history
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| Variable-Momentary DRO | Reinforcement is available at specific moments separated by variable amounts of time if problem behavior is not occuring at that time
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| Differential Reinforcement of Diminishing Rates | Reinforcement provided at the end of an interval if if the number of responses is below a certain criteria (decreases over time)
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| Discontinuous Measurement | Way of collecting data where some instances of the response class may not be detected (time sampling)
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| Convergent Multiple Control | When single response is a function of more than one variable
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| Validity of Measurement | Is the measurement method used relevant to the behavior of interest?
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| Value Altering Effect | Alteration in reinforcing effectiveness of a stimulus as a result of an MO
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| Fading | Procedure for transferring stimulus control in which features of an antecedent stimulus are gradually changed to a new stimulus while maintaining the current function
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| Event Recording | Measurement procedure for obtaining a tally or count of the number of time a behavior occurs
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| Single Subject Designs | Have baseline logic to demonstrate effects of independent variable. No control groups
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| Feature Stimulus Class | Stimuli that share common physical forms/structures or common relative relationships
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| Restitutional Overcorrection | When the learner is required to bring environment to it's original state then make it better than it was before
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| Total Task Training | Variation of forward chaining in which the learner receives training on each behavior in the chain each session
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| Reinforcer-Establishing Effect | Increase in the reinforcing effectiveness of a stimulus/event caused by an MO
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| Reinforcer-Abolishing Effect | Decrease in reinforcing effectiveness of a stimulus/obj/event cause by an MO
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| Rule Governed Behavior | Behavior controlled by a rule; enables human behavior to come under indirect control of temporarily remote/improbable but potentially significant consequences
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| Motivating Operation | Environmental Variable
Alters the reinforcing effectiveness of some stimulus/object/event
Alters current frequency of all behaviors that have been reinforced by that stimulus/obj/event
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| Multiple Exemplar Training | Instruction that provides the learner with practice in a variety of stimulus conditions/response variations/response topographies to ensure generalization
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| Time Sampling | Measurement of the presence or absence of a bx in specific time intervals - use with continuous/high rate bxs
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| Differential Reinforcement of Incompatible Behaviors | Reinforcement is delivered for a bx that is topographically incompatible with the behavior targeted for reduction and withheld following instances of the problem bx
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| Conditioned Stimulus | A formerly neutral stimulus change that elicits respondent behavior only after it has been paired with an unconditioned stimulus
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| Establishing Operation | An MO that establishes the effectiveness of some stimulus/obj/event as a reinforcer
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| Operant Behavior | Behavior that is brought under stimulus control as a function of it's consequences.
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| Respondent Conditioning | Stimus-stimulus pairing procedure in which a neutral stimulus is presented with an unconditioned stimulus until the neutral stimulus elicits the conditioned response
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| Operant Conditioning | Consequences result in an increased or decreased frequency of the same type of bx under similar motivational and environmental conditions in the future
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| Repertoire | All of the bxs a person can do/ set of bxs relevant to a particular setting/task
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| Reliability | Consistency of measurement / extent to which repeated measurement of the same event yields same values
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| Response Cost | Contingent loss of reinforcers producing a decrease in the frequency of bx before it - negative punishment
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| Stimulus-Stimulus Pairing | Two stimuli are presented at the same time - usually repeatedly resulting in one stimulus aquireing the function of the other
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| Momentary Time Sampling | Measurement Method - presence/absence of behaviors are recorded at precisely specified time intervals
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| Interresponse Time | Temporal Locus: time between two responses
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| Informed consent | When recipient of services/study participant gives permission before treatment
A)demonstrate capacity to decide B)do so voluntarily C) Have adequate knowledge of all salient aspects of the treatment
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| Radical Behaviorism | Attempts to understand all human behavior including private events (thoughts/feelings) in terms of controlling variables
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| Unconditioned Negative Reinforcer | Stimulus that functions as negative reinforcer as a result of evolution
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| Unconditioned Punisher | Stimulus change that decreases any bx that precedes it without a learning history - primary/unlearned also
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| Unconditioned Stimulus | Stimulus change that elicits respondent behavior - no prior learning required
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| Tact | Evoked by nonverbal descriminative stimulus and followed by generalized conditioned reinforcement
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| Response Latency | Temporal Locus - measure of elapsed time between onset of a stimulus and the initiation of a response
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| Shaping | Using differential reinforcement to produce a series of gradually changing response classes, each response class is a successive approximation towards a final bx
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| Textual | Evoked by a verbal stimulus; has point to point correspondence but no formal similarity
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| Reflexivity | Stimulus to stimulus relation in which learner without any prior training selects a comparison stimulus that is the same as the sample (matching)
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| Level | Value of the vertical axis around which a series of behavioral measures converge
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| CMO-T | Environmental variable that as a result of a learning history establishes (or abolishes) the reinforcing effectiveness of another stimulus and evokes (or abates) the bx that has been reinforced by that other stimulus
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| UMO | MO whose value-altering effect does not depend on a learning history
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| Trend | Overall direction taken by data path.
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| Degree | Extent of variability of data points around trend (gradual/steep)
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| Functional Communication Training (FCT) | Antecedent intervention in which an appropriate communicative bx is taught as a replacement behavior for a problem bx
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| Systematic Desensitization | Treatment for anxiety that involves substituting one response (muscle relaxation) for anxiety.
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| Successive Approximaions | Sequence of new response classes that emerge during the shaping process as the result of differential reinforcement
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| Pivotal Behavior | Behavior that when learned produces corresponding modifications in other untrained behaviors
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| Symmetry | Stimulus equivalence
A=B B=A
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| Function Altering Effect | Relatively permanent change in an organisms repertoire caused by reinforcement/punishment/extinction procedure or recovery from punishment
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| Respondent Behavior | The response component of a reflex. Elicited
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| Response Generalization | Extent to which a learner emits untrained responses that are functionally equivalent to the trained target bx
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| Social Validity | A progam is socially valid if it helps the learner in their natural environment
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| Rate | Ratio or count per observation time
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| Multiple Schedules of Reinforcement | 2+ basic schedules of reinforcement in an alternating (usually random) sequence; Sd associated with each one
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| Concurrent Schedules of Reinforcement | When 2 or more contingencies of reinforcement operate independently and simultaneously for 2+ bxs
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| Mixed Schedules of Reinforcement | 2+ basic schedules of reinforcement in an alternating sequence where there is no Sd so signify which is in place
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| Tandem Schedules of Reinforcement | 2 or more basic schedule requirements that occur successively. Order does not matter
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| Alternative Schedules of Reinforcement | Provides reinforcement when requirement for EITHER ratio or interval is met.
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| Phases of Intervention | A PIE
Assessment, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation
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| Indirect Assessment | Data obtained from recollections, or subjective ratings of events (interviews/checklists)
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| Direct Assessment | Provide information about subject's behavior as it occurs (tests, direct observations)
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| Ecological Assessment | The physical setting and the people in it.
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| Access Behaviors | Will this behavior create a benefit/open new environments (ex. sitting quietly, school environment)
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| Data Collection Methods for Descriptive FBA's | ABC Continuous/ ABC Narrative / Scatterplot
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| ABC Continuous Recording | Record occurrences of targeted problem behaviors and selected environmental events within the natural routine during specific period of time
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| ABC Narrative Recording | Data only collected when behaviors of interest are observed
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| 6 Basic Client Rights | 1. Ongoing assessment 2. Teach FXal skills
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| Operational Definitions | 1. Objective 2. Clear 3. Complete
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| Free Operant Reinforcer Assessment | Fill environment with possible reinforcers and see what they choose
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| Methods of Stimulus Preference Assessment | 1. Asking 2. Free Operant observations 3. Trail based methods
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| Paired Stimulus Preference Assessment | AKA forced choice
Present two stimuli and record which was chosen. Every pair must be presented
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| Multiple Stimulus Preference Assessment | Present 3+ stimuli, can be WITH or WITHOUT replacement
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| Single Stimulus Preference Assessment | Present one item at a time and record the learners response to it
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| Elements of Behavior | 1. individual 2. continuous 3.determined 4. extrinsic
ICED
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| 6 Components of Experiments | 1. subject 2. behavior 3. setting 4. treatment/s 5. measurement system 6. experimental design
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| Types of Experimental Designs | 1. Nonparametric 2. Parametric
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| Nonparametric Experimenal Design | IV either present or absent during study (baseline and one IV)
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| Parametric Experimental Design | The value of the IV is changed but it is not removed
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| Baseline Logic | 3 parts; prediction, verification, replication
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Created by:
myfatrat