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S8P3.a,b,c
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Motion | An object's change in position over time when compared with a reference point. |
| Force | A push or a pull that acts on an object. |
| Reference Point | a stationary object that is used to describe an objects motion |
| Speed | the distance traveled divided by the time interval during which the motion occurred |
| Velocity | the speed of an object in a particular direction |
| Acceleration | the rate at which velocity changes over time; an object accelerates if its speed, direction, or both change |
| S8P3.b | |
| Friction | a force that oppose motion between two surfaces that are in contact |
| Net Force | the combination of all of the forces acting on an object |
| Balanced Force | stated when the net forces acting on an object equals zero |
| Unbalanced Force | stated when the net forces acting on an object is not zero |
| Inertia | the tendency of an object to resist being moved or, if the object is moving, to resist a change in speed or direction until an outside force acts on the object. |
| Gravity | a force of attraction between objects that is due to their masses |
| S8P3.c | |
| Work | the transfer of energy to an object by using a force that causes the object to move in the direction of the force |
| Machine | a device that helps do work either by overcoming a force or changing the direction of the applied force |
| Inclined Plane | a simple machine that is a straight, slanted surface, which facilitates the raising of loads; a ramp |
| Wedge | a simple machine that is made up of two inclined planes and that moves; often used for cutting |
| Screw | a simple machine that consists of an inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder |
| Lever | a simple machine that consists of a bar that pivots at a fixed point called a fulcrum |
| Pulley | a simple machine that consists of a wheel over which a rope, chair, or wire passes |
| Wheel and Axle | a simple machine consisting of two circular objects of different sizes; the wheel is the large of the two circular objects |