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Psychology Human Dev
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Sensorimotor | Birth to age 2. Infant understands through sensory and motor experiences. Exhibits symbolic thought. |
Preoporational | Age 2-7. Child uses symbolic thinking in the form of words and images to represent objects and experience. Enabled to engage in pretend play. |
Concrete Operational | Age 7-12. Children think logically about concrete events. Grasp concepts of conversation and serial ordering. |
Formal Operational | Age 12+. Adolescent can think more logically, abstractly, and flexibly. Can form hypotheses and systematically test them. |
Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development | 1. Sensorimotor 2. Pre-operational 3. Concrete Operational 4. Formal Operational |
Vygotsky's "Zone of Proximal Development" | The level at which a child can almost but not fully comprehend or perform a task on their own. When they receive information related, if it falls between ZOD, they can master a new task. |
Ainsworth's 3 Styles of Attachment | 1. Secure 2. Insecure Avoidant 3. Insecure Resistant |
Secure Attachment | Warms up fast |
Insecure Avoidant | Does not warm up very quickly, avoids new people |
Insecure Resistant | Takes a while to warm up but eventually does |
The 4 Parenting Styles | 1. Authoritative 2. Neglectful 3. Permissive 4. Authoritarian |
Authoritative Parenting | Open communication but strict |
Neglectful Parenting | Wholistic care is not taken, parent is absent from child's life most of the time |
Permissive Parenting | The "BFF" parent. Anything goes and no rules apply |
Authoritarian Parenting | Very strict, almost abusive. Not a lot of positive emotion and affection shown to the child. |
Kohlberg's Stages of Morality | 1. Pre-Conventional 2. Conventional 3. Post-Conventional |
Pre-Conventional Morality | "What's in it for me?" "How can I avoid punishment?" Self-centered or "mine mine" stage. |
Conventional Morality | Social Norms. Good boy/girl attitude |
Post-Conventional Morality | Social Contract Orientation/ Universal Ethical Principles. (Conscience) |
Eric Erikson's 8 Stages of Socioemotional Development Stage 1. | Infancy (Trust vs. Mistrust) |
Erik Erikson's 8 Stages of Socioemotional Development Stage 2. | Preschool (Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt) |
Eric Erikson's 8 Stages of Socioemotional Development Stage 3. | Early Childhood (Initiative vs. Guilt) |
Eric Erikson's 8 Stages of Socioemotional Development Stage 4. | Late Childhood (Industry vs. Inferiority) |
Eric Erikson's 8 Stages of Socioemotional Development Stage 5. | Adolescence (Identity vs. Diffusion) |
Eric Erikson's 8 Stages of Socioemotional Development Stage 6. | Early Adulthood (Intimacy va. Isolation) |
Eric Erikson's 8 Stages of Socioemotional Development Stage 7. | Middle Adulthood (Generativity vs. Stagnation) |
Eric Erikson's 8 Stages of Socioemotional Development Stage 8. | Maturity (Egointegrity vs. Despair) |
How does aging impact psychological development? | The impending doom of death comes into mind. |