Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Pharmacology Basics
Reviews basics of pharmacology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Pharmacokinetics | What the body does to the drug. |
| 4 Basic Processes involved in drug utilization in the body | (Determine the [drug] at its sites of action. 1) absorption 2) distribution 3) metabolism 4) excretion |
| Absorption | Movement of drug from site of administration into the blood |
| Distribution | Drug movement from the blood to the interstitial space of tissues then into cells |
| Metabolism (Biotransformation) | Process of breaking down a drug |
| Excretion | Movement of drugs outside of the body |
| Blood-Brain Barrier | Presence of tight junctions between the cells in capillary walls of CNS means drugs must pass capillary cells not between them to get into CNS. (Also p-glycoprotein) |
| Therapeutic Range | Lies between the MEC and the toxic concentration - Drugs with a wide therapeutic range are relatively easy to use safely. |
| Half-Life | The time required for the amount of drug in the body to decline by 50%. Drugs with short 1/2-lives have short dosing intervals. |
| Factors Affecting Drug Absorption (5) | 1) Rate of dissolution 2) Surface area available for absorption 3) Blood flow 4) Lipid solubility 5) pH partitioning |
| What is an agonist? | A drug that brings out a specific action by binding with the appropriate receptors |
| What is an antagonist? | A drug that inhibits a specific action by binding with a particular receptor |
| Adverse Reaction | An undesirable response to a drug, varies from mild to fatal is known as what? |
| A controlled substance. Class I-V | A drug with the potential for abuse and/or addiction. |
| What is the major route of elimination? | Kidneys |
| Synergism | Occurs when 2 drugs w/ different sites or mechanisms of action produce greater effects when taken together. |
| What are side effects? | Often occur with usual therapeutic doses of drugs. Mild but annoying |
| Teratogenic | Ability of substance to cause abnormal fetal development when taken by pregnant women. |
| Enteral Drug | Directly into the GI tract ie: oral, NG, rectal |
| Topical Drug | Is applied directly to the area where a reaction is desired. The resulting effect is often local. |
| Parenteral Drug | Is applied to an area of the body other than the digestive tract. IM, SQ, IV, epidural |
| generic name | The name the drug manufacturer uses for the drug. |
| brand name/trade name | A manufacturer's proprietary name, or the name for the drug manufactured by one company for their medication. .capitalized |
| chemical name | The name given for the atomic or molecular structure of a drug. |
| 3 Names Drugs use | 1. Chemical 2. Generic (nonproprietary name) 3. Brand or Trade name |
| percutaneous | through topical (skin), sublingual(under the tongue), buccal (against the cheek) INH(breathing |
| desired effect | The expected response of the medication |
| nephrotoxic | Damage to the kidney |
| hepatotoxic | Damage to the liver |
| anaphylactic reaction | Life-threatening allergy |
| adverse effect | More severe symptoms or problems that arise because of the medication |
| Idiosyncratic response | Strange, unpredictable response to a medication |
| Pregnancy categories | Classification of drugs according to their known level of risk to the fetus. A,B,C,D,X. |
| Pregnancy category A | Many studies done and shows no increased risk of fetal abnormalities |
| Pregnancy category X | Many studies done and show positive evidence of fetal abnormalities |
| What is the main organ of metabolism? | Liver |
| Place in order, from quickest to slowest absorption- PO, IM, SQ, IV | IV, SQ, IM, PO |
| Incompatibility | When one drug interferes with the action of another drug. |
Created by:
tgwin7
Popular Pharmacology sets