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geography final 2

final 2

QuestionAnswer
population geography; the study of the spatial and ecological aspects of population including: distribution, density, fertility, gender, health age, morality, migration geodemography
the statistical study of population size, composition, distribution, and change demography
population density; the number of people in an area of land usually expressed as people per square mile or kilometer arithmetic density
the density beyond which people cease to be nutritionally self sufficient using their particular adaptive strategy; people per arable square mile physiological density
land that can be used for agriculture arable land
annual number of births per 1000 people birth rate
annual number of deaths per 1000 people death rate
population increases due to births in the country, not form immigration rate of natural increase
the rule of 72; take countrys rate of annual increase, expressed as a percent, and divide it into 72 population doubling time
TFR; the number of children the aveage woman will bear during her reproductive lifetime (15- 44 years); less than 2.1 = decline of population total fertility rate
the amount of time it takes for a population to completely replace itself replacement rate
all industrialized, technologically advanced countries have achieved low fertility rates and stabilized or declining populations, having pass through demographic transitions demographic transitions
stabilized population; high birth and death rates stage one of demographic transition
population explosion; high birth rate, decreasing death rate stage two
decreasing growth, rapidly decreasing birth rate stage three
low birth and death rates, low grow of population stage four
the rapid, accelerating increase in world population since about 1650 and especially since 1900. population explosion
a TFR of 2.1 is needed to produce an evenly stabilized population, one that does not increase or decrease zero population growth
a graph used to show the age and sex composition of a population; used to compare age characteristics population pyramid
number of dependents:number of working age population; dependent = someone who is not working, under 15 or retired dependency ratio
a change in the pattern of disease in a country away from infectious diseases towards degenerative diseases; wealthy v not wealthy; diseases that can be prevented - smoking ->cancer; 1st and 3rd world countries epidemiological transition
a piece of land owned by one person or government, which other people can exercise their traditional rights on; rivers, lakes, ocean commons
famous example of community pasture; when people pursue self interest it results in overgrazed pasture, not enough resources; "Freedom in a common brings ruin to all"; flaw: common property v. open access resources Hardin's "tragedy of the commons"
system of customary law and traditional practices used on resources common property resources
free for all open access resources
movement of people with livestock seasonally transhumance
the cultivation of domesticated crops and the raising of domesticated animals agriculture
plant: deliberately plated, protected, cared for, and used by humans; animal: depends on people for food and shelter and that differs from wild species in appearance and behavior as a result of controlled breeding and frequent contact with humans domestication
less expensive, placing seeds directly into soil seed propagation
make copies of plant with similar genetic composition by layering or prerooting vegetative propagation
Created by: meganmcgee
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