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Chapter 7 - Cooper
ABA
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Correlation | When systematic variation between 2 events is found and can be used to predict the relative probability that one event will occur, based on the presence of the over event |
Experimental Control | When a predictable change in behavior can be reliably produced by the systematic manipulation of some aspect of the individual’s environment (analysis dimensions of the 7 Dimensions of ABA) |
Internal Validity | The extent to which an experiment convincingly shows that changes in behavior are a function of the IV and not the result of uncontrolled or unknown variables |
Confounding Variables | |
4 Important Elements of Behavior | Behavior is: • Individual • Continuous • Determined • Behavior variability if extrinsic to the organism |
6 Components of Experiments in Applied Behavior Analysis | 1. At least 1 subject 2. At least 1 behavior (DV) 3. At least 1 setting 4. At least 1 treatment 5. A measurement system and ongoing analysis of data 6. An experimental design |
Experimental Question | |
Single-Subject Design | |
Dependent Variable | |
Experimental Control | |
Extraneous Variables | |
Independent Variable | |
Experimental Design | |
Parametric Analysis | |
Steady/Stable State Responding | A pattern of responding that exhibits very little variation in its measured dimensional quantities over a period of time |
Baseline Logic | Refers to experimental reasoning inherent in single-subject experimental designs |
3 Parts of Baseline Logic | 1. Prediction 2. Verification 3. Replication Each of these elements depends on an overall experimental approach called steady state strategy |
Prediction | |
Verification | |
Replication | |
Steady State Strategy | Repeated exposure of a given subject to a given condition while trying to eliminate extraneous influences on behavior & obtaining a stable pattern of responding before introducing the next condition |
Baseline | |
Stable Baseline | |
Ascending Baseline/ Descending Baseline | |
Variable Baseline | |
Prediction | |
Practice Effects | |
Affirmation of the Consequent | |
Verification | |
Replication | |
5 Main Experimental Designs | 1. Multiple Baseline 2. Changing Criterion 3. Reversal 4. Alternating Treatments 5. Withdrawal |
Alternating Treatments Design | Rapid alteration between 2 or more treatments |
Multiple Baseline Design | Staggered implementation of the intervention in a step-wise fashion across subjects, settings, or behaviors |
Reversal (withdrawal) Design | Alternation between baseline and a particular intervention |
Changing Criterion Design | Reinforcement or punishment is contingent upon a certain level of behavior, which changes in a step-wise fashion |