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Nail care

Question	Answer
Skin and nail care for the hands	Manicure
Technical terms for the nail	Onyx
Part of the nail plate that extends beyond the finger tip	Free edge
Part of the nail that is shaped like a half moon	Lunula
A small portion of non living skin around the base of the nail	Cuticle
The nail body, translucent portion of the nail from the root to free edge	Nail plate
Skin that overlaps onto the side of the nail	Nail sidewall
Folds of normal skin that surround the natural nail plate	Nail folds
Slits on the sides of the nail that allow for growth	Nail grooves
Part of the nail bed that helps produce the nail plate	Matrix
Thin layer of skin cells between the nail plate and nail bed	Bed epithelium
Skin between the free edge and finger tip of the natural nail	Hyponychium
Part of the nail that partially overlaps the luluna	Eponychium
Additional skin that overlaps onto the sides of the plate	Perionychium
Whitish discoloration of the nails	Leukonychia
A dark band or stripe on the nail	Melanonychia
Hang nail, a split cuticle	Agnail
Forward growth of living skin that adheres to the nail plate	Nail pterygium
Trauma to the nail causing dark purplish discoloration under the nail	Bruised nail
A non infectious condition that affects the surface of the natural nail, making the surface seem pitted or rough	Nail psoriasis
Bitten nails	Onychophagy
Ingrown nail	Onychocryptosis
Abnormal brittleness of the nail plate	Onychorrhexis
Cosmetic service performed on the nails and skin of the feet	Pedicure
Also known as Quats, is a standard name for disinfectants	Quaternary Ammonium Compounds
An extremely flammable, colorless liquid that evaporates quickly	Alcohol
Commonly known as bleach	Sodium Hypochlorite
Strong, high pH disinfectants	Phenols
Based on a stabilized hydrogen peroxide and is nontoxic to the skin and environment	Accelerated hydrogen peroxide
Spongy respiratory organs responsible for inhaling and exhaling	Lungs
Largest upper bone of the arm, extending from shoulder to elbow	Humerus
Large inner bone of the arm	Ulna
Outer and smaller bone on then inside of the forearm, located on the thumb side	Radius
Also known as digits, are the finger and toe bones	Phalanges
5 long thin bones of the palm	Metacarpals
8 small bones, arranged in 2 rows, which form the wrist	Carpals
Sturdy, long bone extending from the hip to the knee, known as the thigh bone	Femur
Also known as the knee cap, a thick, flat triangular and movable bone that forms the anterior point of the knee and protects the front of the joint	Patella
The larger of the 2 bones that form the lower leg, located on the inner side, also known as the shin bone	Tibia
Smaller of the 2 bones that form the outer part of the lower leg, extending from the knee to the ankle	Fibula
7 bones that form the ankle- cuboid, 3 cuneiform bones, navicular, calcareous (heel), and the talus	Tarsals
Includes 5 long, slender bones located between the ankles and toes that form the arch of the foot	Metatarsals
Cause joints to straightness and body parts to stretch; make the wrist and fingers to straighten out	Extensor muscles
Turns the forearm and hand inward so the palm faces downward	Pronator muscles
Causes the joints to bend and produces bending and curling of the wrist and fingers	Flexor muscles
Turns the forearm and hand outward so the palm faces upward	Supinator muscles
Pulls the fingers together	Adductor muscles
Spreads or separates the fingers	Abductor muscles
Group of adductor muscles located in the palm that draws the thumb toward the fingers	Opponens muscles
Muscle located in the calf and pulls the foot down	Gastrochemius
Covers the front of the shin and bends the foot	Tibialis anterior
Muscle that is attached to the lower heel- steadies the leg and pulls the foot down	Soleus
Longer of the 2 muscles responsible for rotating the foot down and out	Peroneus Longus
Key stabilizing muscle of the lower leg and helps the foot to flex inward	Tibialis Posterior
Shorter of the 2 muscles responsible for rotating the foot down and out	Peroneus Brevis
Muscle that controls the little toe	Flexor digiti minimi
Any nerve located in the fingers or toes	Digital nerve
Smallest of the 3 arm and hand nerves that run along the mid forearm and extends into the hands	Median nerve
Nerve that runs along the thumb side of the arm and back of the hand	Radial nerve
Nerve that runs along the little finger side of the arm and palm of the hand	Ulnar nerve
Supplies blood to the thumb side of the arm and the back of the hand	Radial artery
Supplies blood to the little finger side of the arm and the palm of the hand	Ulnar artery
Portion of the skin that the nail plate rest upon as it grows out.	Nail bed
Noticeably thin, white nail plates that are more flexible than normal	Eggshell nails
Also known as furrows or corrugations are vertical or horizontal indentations running the length or width of the nail plate	Ridges
General term for any nail disease or deformity	Onychosis
Fungal infection of the nail, also known as ringworm of the nail	Onychomycosis
Also known as Athletes foot, a fungal infection that can occur on the bottom of the feet as well as between the toes which can spread to the toe nails	Tinea Pedis
Inflammation of the matrix; redness, swelling around the base or underneath the nail plate, sometimes pus is present	Onychia
Loosening or separation, without shredding of the nail plate from the nail bed	Onycholysis
Bacterial inflammation of the skin surrounding the nail plate	Paronychia
Acrylic liquid mixed with a polymer to form nail sculpting product	Monomer
Type of monomer that is a colorless, volatile, flammable liquid compound that polymerizes readily and is used especially as a monomer for acrylic resin	Methyl methacrylate (MMA)
Powders used for acrylic nails; a combinations of monomers, initiators, and a catalyst.	Polymers
Begins the process that starts the chain reaction, leading to very long polymer chains being created.	Initiators
Tacky, film-like layer that forms on top of the nail enhancement	Inhibition Layer
Polymerization	Also known as curing or hardening, creates the polymers, then stops and a hardened substance- the sculpted nail- is formed.
Specialized acrylic monomers that quickly polymerize with alcohol, water, or alkaline to form the adhesive	Cyanoacrylates
Used to adhere the fabric wrap to the natural nail or tip.	Nail wrap resin
Short polymer chains that consist of just a few monomers, creating a thickened resin, a gel-like substance	Oligomers
Ingredient with little odor used to create the polymerization process	Urethane Acrylate
Am other ingredient with little odor to create the polymerization process.	Urethane Methacrylate
Chemicals that begin the polymerization process in creating gel nails	Photoinitiators
Metal tool with a grooved edge used to smooth and file the free edge	Nail rasp
Disposable tool use for pushing back cuticles	Wooden pushers
Used to gently scrape the cuticles from the natural nail.	Metal pusher
Can occur to the nails through filing or when removing the cuticle, causing small unseen openings in the skin that allow pathogens in and can cause infection.	Microtrauma
High quality virgin plastic for nail tips	Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene
Edge of the well that bumps up against the free edge of the natural nail	Position stop
Edge of the nail tip below the contact area	Stress Area
Applied sparingly to the natural nail prior to the acrylic application to assist in adhesion	Primer
A method for nail enhancement utilizing tightly woven materials to add strength and durability	Fabric wraps
Based on the use of reflex points located throughout the hands, feet, and head that are linked to other parts of the body.	Reflexology
An activator is a catalyst to help quicken the ___ of nail resins	Dying time
___ hydrogen peroxide is a disinfectant that only needs to be changed every 14 days	Accelerated
Acrylonitrile butadiene ___ is a high quality virgin plastic used to make artifical nail tips	Styrene
Visible depressions running the width of the natural nail plate are a nail condition called ___ lines	Beaus
___ soaps help break down and remove the residue from foot soaks, scrubs, and masks	Chelating
The gastrochemius muscle pulls the foot ___	Down
The hyponychium is located ___ the free edge	Under
The nail plate rest upon this portion of the skin	Nail bed
Nail psoriasis is a non infectious condition that appears ___ and rough	Pitted
Nail pterygium is the forward growth of living skin that adheres to the	Nail plate
Onychia is the inflammation of the nail ___	Matrix
Onychosis is the general term for any nail ___	Disease
The bacterial inflammation of the skin surrounding the nail plate	Paronychia
Onychomadesis is the complete ___ of the nail	Shedding
___ are the chemicals that begin the polymerization process in gel nails	Photoinitiators
Pilcatured nail plates are folded into the nail bed at a ____ angle	90 degree
When mixed with a monomer, the powder that forms a nail enhancement	Polymer
Position stop is the edge of the well that bumps up against the ___ of the natural nail	Free edge
____are caused by matrix injury, excessive use of cuticle and Polish removers, and run the length or width of the nail plate	Ridges, furrows, and corrugations
____ wraps are made from thin material having a tight weave to create a smooth, even, clear, appearance	Silk
Ringworm is a contagious ___ infection	Fungal
There are ___ tarsals bones that form the ankle	7
The tibialis Posterior is a muscle that helps the foot flex	Inward
Wooden pushers are made of which disposable wood material	Orange, rose, and hard

Created by: nataliebos

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