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BLPhysical Geography
Faulting, Folding and Earthquakes
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Focus | Deep below surface where earthquake starts |
Epicenter | Point on earths surface directly above focus where earthquake is strongest |
Seismograph | Instrument used to measure and record the seismic waves |
Richter Scale | The scale used to measure the magnitude of an earthquake |
Tsunami | Caused by an underwater earthquake. Massive waves. |
Liquifaction | Liquefaction is a phenomenon in which the strength and stiffness of a soil is reduced by earthquake shaking or other rapid loading. |
Compression | Squeezes and shortens rock, causes faulting and folding. |
Tension | Stretches body of rock. |
Shearing | Fractures rock and pushes sections past each other. |
Anticline | When rocks are compressed the layers are pushed upwards forming these. |
Syncline | When rocks are compressed and pushed downwards |
Scarp | The exposed section of a normal fault |
Tear Fault | A fracture in rock when one rock moves sideways past another rock |
Normal Fault | When crust is extended until a fault occurs |
Reverse Fault | When the earths crust is compressed until a fault occurs |