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Pharm Unit 18
SPC Pharmacology Unit 18 Exam 6
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is Preload? | The amount of blood volume returning to the right heart. |
| As the preload is altered, what happens? | The amount of the work of the right heart is altered. |
| T/F Increasing the preload Increased the work of the right heart? | True |
| T/F Decreasing the preload Decreased the work of the right heart? | True |
| What is Afterload? | The resistance to blood movement from the left ventricle at systole. |
| T/F The greater the afterload the greater the work for the left heart? | True |
| Hypertension can cause what? | Adversley alters organ function and can result in stroke/kidney disease/& cardiac disease |
| Arterial Hypertension Systole vs. Diastolic | Systolic >140 Diastolic >90 |
| What is intended for Morphine Sulfate to do? | Drops blood pressure/Relaxes Vascular Smooth Muscle/Drops Preload & Afterload |
| What is the dose of Morphine Sulfate? | 2-5mg IV push |
| What is the main condition for Morphine Sulfate? | Heart Failure aka Myocardial Infarction aka Heart Attack |
| What are Anti-Hypertensive Medications used for? | Used to lower the arterial blood pressure. |
| What are the 3 options for treatment of hypertension? | 1. Reduce Blood Volume 2. Reduce Vasoconstriction 3. Reduce Cardiac Output |
| What is a Sympathetic Blocker? | Blocks the sympathetic receptors and results in the lowering of the blood pressure. |
| T/F Inderal (Propranolol) is a beta blocker? | True |
| Propranolol is also known as? | Inderal |
| What is the Sympathetic Beta Blocker medication? | Propranolol |
| T/F Sympathetic Blocker is also a Anti-hypertensive Medication? | True |
| A.C.E. stands for? | Angiotensin Converting Enzyme |
| What does ACE produce? | Angiotensin II which is a vasoconstrictor |
| Angiotensin II is what? | A vasoconstrictor |
| What does ACE inhibitors do? | Interferes with the production of Angiotensin II |
| ACE inhibitors are administered how? | PO (by mouth) |
| ACE inhibitors are for treatment of? | Hypertension |
| What is Vasotec? | ACE Inhibitor used to lower blood pressure |
| What is the problem with Vasotec? | Airway obstruction due to a swollen tongue. |
| Thiazides is a class of what? | Diuretics |
| Thiazides is what type of medication? | Anti-Hypertensive Medication |
| What are Thiazides used for? | Used to lower blood pressure because they promote the loss of sodium (Na+) which results in the loss of sympathetic tone |
| T/F Lowering Sympathetic Tone lowers sodium levels? | True |
| T/F Lower sodium lowers vascular tone? | True |
| Nipride is also known as? | Sodium Nitroprusside |
| Sodium Nitroprusside is a rescue medication why? | Response is ultra fast and dramatic |
| Sodium Nitroprusside is used to treat what? | Acute Hypertention |
| Characteristics of Nipride (Sodium Nitroprusside)? | Used in acute care/Given IV Drip/Light Sensitive/Fast acting Vasodilator |
| How is Nipride administered? | IV BUT must be closely monitored very closely for changes and safety. |
| You don't have to monitor administration of Nipride? | False |
| What 3 actions does Nitrates have? | 1. Reduce Preload 2. Reduce Afterload 3. Enhanced myocardium perfusion |
| What do Nitrates promote? | Vasodilation by limiting the availability of Ca+ (example) Angina Pectoris-intense chest pain due to lack of oxygen and the vasodilator allows oxygen rich blood to flow better. |
| What is hypertension? | High Blood Pressure |
| What is hypotension? | Low Blood Pressure (Systolic pressure <90) |
| What are Vassopressors used for? | Used to treat systemic hypotension (low blood pressure) |
| T/F A fall in blood pressure is something to be avoided? | True |
| Cellular dysfunction follows as pH becomes more what? | Acidic and electrolyte disorders are promoted. |
| What is shock? | The absence of adequate blood pressure with resulting low perfusion and cellular death as metabolic acidosis sets in. |
| Levophed is more commonly known as? | Norepinephrine |
| T/F Levophed is a rescue drug? | True |
| Levophed is what? | Rescue drug and acts as a strong vasoconstrictor. |
| How strong is Levophed as a Vasoconstrictor? | Significatly strong and can result in ischemia and tissue necrosis of extremities (toes, feet, fingers, hands, etc.) |
| How is Levophed administered? | IV Drip |
| How is Dopamine administered? | IV Drip |
| When is Levophed administered? | When the vasoconstrictor Dopamine doesn't work. |
| T/F It is not serious when Levophed is being used? | False |
| What are the 3 short term use vasopressors? | 1. Dopamine 2. Levophed 3. Vasopressin |
| T/F Dopamine is a rescue drug? | True |
| How is Dopamine administered? | IV Drip |
| What dose is needed for Dopamine to promote vasoconstrictor? | High Dose |
| Which receptor is stimulated by Dopamine? | Alpha 1 Receptors |
| How is Vasopressin administered? | IV Drip |
| T/F Vasopressin is a rescue drug? | True |
| What is Vasopressin known as and used during? | Known as an Antidiuretic Hormone and used during Cardiac Arrest. |
Created by:
Langhout1418
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