click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Skull landmarks
Procedures 2. Skull landmarks, planes, lines
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Interpupillary line. Where | connects the pupils or the outer canthi of the patients eyes |
superciliary arch. Where? What is slightly above it? | ridge of bone that extends across the forehead above each eye. SOG is slightly above |
SOG corresponds to | highest level of the facial bone mass, also is the level of the floor of the anterior fossa of the cranial vault |
Glabella | above bridge of nose, slightly superior to eyebrows |
nasion | junction of the two nasal bones and the frontal bone |
acanthion | midline junction of the upper lip and nasal septum |
gonion | angle on mandible |
mental point | midpoint of triangle area on chin. (triangle formed between 2 mental protuberances) |
Auricle aka _____. Is what? | pinna. Flap of ear made of cartilage |
Tragus | small flap that covers ear opening |
TEA | top of ear attachment, superior attachment of the auricle |
TEA corresponds to what level? | highest level of the petrous ridge on each side |
Junctions of upper and lower eyelids termed | canthi |
EAM's center pont of opening is termed | auricular point |
OML location | outer canthus and EAM |
Two older terms for IOML? | Reids base line or anthropologic base line. |
Average difference of how many degrees between OML and IOML? | 7-8 |
Approximate 7-8 degree average angle difference between OML and IOML, and ____ and ____. | OML and GML |
LML is a positioning line used for what projection of the facial bones? | modified parietoacanthial (modified waters) |
GAL? | glabelloalveolar line. Glabella to a point at the anterior aspect of the alveolar process of the maxilla. |
GAL is used for positioning in what projection for nasal bones? | tangential |
Inion is the most prominent point of the _______. Corresponds to the highest _____ line of the occipital bone . | external occipital protuberance. highest "nuchal" line |
A posterior extension of the ______ approximates the location of the inion | IOML |