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Stack #23559
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is an Amino acid | compound that contains an amino group and carboxylic group |
| protein/polypeptide | polymer of amino acids |
| Amino acids to protien / polypeptide | condensation, peptide bond |
| Exergonic | G negative, spontaneous |
| Endergonic | G positive, nonspontaneous |
| How can non - spontaneous rxn still occur | Cells couple nonfavorable metabolic processes to favorable ones so that the net change in free energy is negative |
| Why is water molecule polar | uneven distribution of charge, O neg, H positive |
| How many hydrogen bonds can water form | Can form 4, since it has 2 hydrogen atoms to donate to H-bond, and 2 pairs of electrons to accept |
| Relative strengths of bonds in biomolecules | covalent>ionic>hydrogen>vanderwalls |
| Vander walls interaction between 2 polar molecules | dipole -- dipole interaction |
| Vander walls interaction b/ween 2 nonpolar molecules | london dispersion forces |
| hydrophobic | water fearing, compound that lacks polar groups and is insoluble |
| What happens to entropy when hydrophobic molecule is dissolved | Entropy decrease, because water molecule not free to form H bonding |
| How can hydrphobic molecules increase entropy | aggregate |
| Hydrophobic effect | Water molecules repelled from nonpolar molecule form shell |
| amphipathic | molecule w/ both polar and non-polar regions |
| What happens when amphipathic molecules are added to water | polar molecules orient themselve toward water, and nonpolar aggregates due to hydrophobic effect |
| What are the concentration of H and OH in pure water | 1 x 10 ^ -7 M |
| What is the relationsip b/ween Ka and pKa | larger Ka, or lower pKa = stronger acids |
| Buffer | system of weak acids and its conjugate base, resist changes in pH |
| What happens at midpoint of titration | pH = pKa and [acid] = [conj.base] |
| how do you make a good buffer | pH needs to be w/in 1pH unit of pKa |
| physiological pH of human body | 6.9 - 7.4 |
| Enzyme for H2CO3 buffer | carbonic anhydrase |
| Why are ATP bonds called high energy bonds | cleavage of the bond has a large negative free energy |
| Why cleavage of ATP bonds release eneryg | ATP hydrolisis products are more stable |
| the joining of Ala - Tyr is a | amide bond |
| under normal physiological conditions the N term of plypeptide chain looks like what | NH3+ |
| whe pH > pKa what form is dominate | conj base, NH2 COO- |
| When pH < pKa what form is dominate | Acid, NH3+, COOH |
Created by:
treater