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pharm test 1 part 2
Test 1 drugs- AE, PD, CNS stimulants lilk8tob
| Drug | Info |
|---|---|
| phenobarbital- general class | barbiturate |
| phenobarbital- used for | prevention of grand mal seizures & fever-induced convulsions, hyperbilirubinemia in neonates, Gilbert syndrome |
| phenobarbital- other | long-acting, rarely used as a sedative-hypnotic agent |
| tamazepam (Restoril)- general class | benzodiazepines |
| tamazepam (Restoril)- used for | for short-term treatment of insomnia |
| tamazepam (Restoril)- other | not for narrow-angle glaucoma, preg X |
| zaleplon (Sonata)- general class | benzodiazepines |
| zaleplon (Sonata) used for | short term (up to 5 weeks) treatment of insomnia |
| zaleplon (Sonata)- other | short acting nonbenzodiazepine hypnotic agent. However, its hypnotic effects do arise from chem. activity @ benzo-GABA receptor complex; very short half-life |
| zolpidem (Ambien)- general class | benzodiazepines |
| zolpidem (Ambien) - used for | short term (7-10 days) treatment of insomnia |
| zolpidem (Ambien)- other | short acting, no active metabolites so have less grogginess next morning |
| baclofen (Lioresal)- general class | muscle relaxant |
| baclofen (Lioresal)- used for | spasticity |
| baclofen (Lioresal)- other | central-acting |
| cyclobenzaprine (Flexaril) - general class | muscle relaxant |
| cyclobenzaprine (Flexaril)- used for | spasticity |
| cyclobenzaprine (Flexaril)- other | central-acting; structurally and pharmacologically related to tricyclic antidepressants |
| choral hydrate (Noctec)- general class | misc. CNS depressant |
| choral hydrate (Noctec)- used for | sedative-hypnotic |
| choral hydrate (Noctec)- other | does not suppress REM; low hangover effect from short duration of action; high doses cause dependence; take w/ alcohol=lose consciousness |
| tizanidine (Zanaflex)- general class | misc. CNS depressant |
| tizanidine (Zanaflex)- used for | decreases increased muscle tone associated with spasticity |
| tizanidine (Zanaflex)- other | short-acting, centrally active alpha-adrenergic receptor agonist |
| List the 8 CNS depressant drugs: | phenobarbital, Restoril, Sonata, Ambien, baclofen, Flexaril, choral hydrate, Zanaflex |
| carbamazepine (Tegretol)- general class | AE |
| carbamazepine (Tegretol)- used for | treatment of epilepsy in adults & children, trigeminal neuralgia, tonic-clonic seizures |
| carbamazepine (Tegretol)- other | 2nd most prescribed AED, chemically related to tricyclics; undergoes autoinduction |
| gabapentin (Neurontin)- general class | misc. AE |
| gabapentin (Neurontin)- used for | an add-on agent for the treatment of partial seizures & partial seizures w/ secondary generalization in adults, also treats neuropathic pain |
| gabapentin (Neurontin)- other | probably works by increasing the synthesis & accumulation between neurons in GABA |
| phenobarbital (Solfoton)- general class | barbiturate- AE |
| phenobarbital (Solfoton)- used for | controlling tonic-clonic and partial seizures; status epilepticus, convulsions |
| phenobarbital (Solfoton)- other | SE: sedation, an "inducer" of hepatic enzymes; has longest half life (once a day dosing), cheapest AE |
| phenytoin (Dilantin)- general class | AED |
| phenytoin (Dilantin)- used for | first-line AED; tonic-clonic; psychomotor seizures |
| phenytoin (Dilanin)- other | lethargy, abnormal movements, confusion, is highly protein bound & induces hepatic microsomal enzymes |
| valproic acid (Depakote)- general class | AE |
| valproic acid (Depakote)- used for | generalized seizures (absence, myoclonic, and tonic-clonic), partial seizures |
| valproic acid (Depakote)- other | toxic to liver, weight gain, sleepy, gum hypertrophy |
| Serum level: carbamaxepine (Tegretol) | 6-12 mcg/ml |
| serum level- valproic acid (Depakote) | 50-100 mcg/ml |
| serum level- phentoin (Dilantin) | 10-20 mcg/ml |
| levodopa-carbidopa (Sinemet)- general class | antiparkinsonian - dopaminergic |
| levodopa-carbidopa (Sinemet)- used for | replaces dopamine in parkinson's patients |
| levodopa-carbidopa (Sinemet)- other | does not cross the BBB, but does prevent metabolism of levodopa to dopamine in the periphery, which limits peripheral dopamine-induced side effects; lower daily dose needed; limits on-off; do not take w/ MAOI's |
| selegiline (Eldepryl) -general class | MAOI - antiparkinsonian |
| selegiline (Eldepryl)- uses | parkinson's disease- decreases the amount of levodopa needed; exerts a neuroprotective effect when started early in therapy |
| selegiline (Eldepryl) - other | an MAO-B inhibitor used as an adjuncitve agent along w/ levodopa to decrease the amount of levodopa needed |
| benztropine mesylate (Cogentin)- general class | anticholinergic Antiparkinsonian |
| benztropine mesylate (Cogentin)- uses | Parkinson's disease; drug-induced extrapyramidal symptoms |
| methylphenidate hydrochloride (Ritalin)- general class | CNS stimulant, amphetamine |
| methylphenidate hydrochloride (Ritalin)- uses | treatment of ADHD and narcolepsy |
| list antiparkinsonian drugs (3) | levodopa-carbidopa, selegiline, Cogentin |
| list CNS stimulant | Ritalin |
| list AE drugs | Tegretol, Neurontin, Solfoton, Dilantin, Depakote |
Created by:
lilk8tob
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