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pharmacology info
Major Areas of Pharmacology
| Lakeytra | Jackson |
|---|---|
| Pharmacodynamics | study of how drugs interact in the human body. |
| Pharmacokenetics | the study of the absorption, distribution, biotransformation and the excretion of drugs. |
| Pharmatherapeutics | the study of how drugs are used in the treatment of disease within the human body. |
| Pharmacy | the study of preparing and dispensing medications. |
| Posology | the study of the exact amount of a drug that is needed in order to produce a therapeutic effect. |
| Toxicology | the study of poisons, their detection, their effects, and establishing antidotes and methods of treatment for conditions they produce. |
| Pharmacognosy | the study of drugs derilved from herbal and other natural sources. |
| medication and medicine | refer to drugs mixed in a formulation with other ingredients to improve the stability, taste or physical form to allow appropriate administration of the active drug. |
| Pharmacology | deals with ALL of the drugs in society today- those that are legal, illegal, prescription and OTC. |
| Blood | the most commonly sampled bodily fluid used to characterized the pharmacologic action of drugs. |
| Absorption, metabolism, excretion, site of action, and observed response | are factors that influence the onset, duration and intensity of drug effects |
| Age, sex,body weight,diurnal body rhythms, diseases, allergies, psychological factors, drug half-life, tolerance, drug toxicity, and drug interactions | are factors that affect drug actions |
| Drug half-life | major determining factor in how often a drug may be given |
| Age | effects metabolic rates |
| Sex Gender | Drugs that are administered IM are absorbed faster by men than women- these drugs remain in womens tissues longer that in men tissues because women have a higher body fat content |
| body weight | the same dose of medication can have varied affects on patients whose body wight differ. Some medications doses must be adjusted based on body weight or bosy surface area especially in children |
| Diurnal body rhythm | circadian rhythm or sleep patterns have a tendacy to intensify a patients response to a medication |
| Diseases | especially of the kidneys and liver. the liver is the major site for detoxification and the kidneys are the major site of elimination of chemical substances. A person with a liver or kidney disease may respond to medication differently than a healthy pers |
| Immediate hypersensitivity, antibody dependent (cytotoxic), complex mediated, and cell mediated or delayed hypersensitivity | are all types of allergic drug reactions |
| Immediate hypersensitivity | Examples are PCNs,streptomycin, local anastetics, neuromuscular blocking agents, and radiologic contrast medications |
| Antibody-dependent, cytotoxic | examples are Quinine, Quinidine, Rifampicin, metronidazole |
| Complex mediated | examples are anticonvulsants, antibiotics, hydralazine, and diuretics |
| cell mediated or delayed hypersensitivity | local anastectic creams, antihistamine creams |
| adverse effects | harmful effects |
| agonist | a drug that binds toa receptor and produces an appropriate physicologic response that is similar to whant an endogenous substance would do |
| Anaphylactic shock | a sudden and severe allergic reactiion that may be life threatening |
| Bioavailability | the degree and rate at which a drug is absorbed into a living system or is made available at the site of physiologic activity |
| Biotransformation | the process of conversion of drugs within the body |
| Dose effect relationship | the relationship between the dose of a drug ( or other agent) that produces harmful effects and the severith of the effects on the patient |
| drug indication | the exact reason for the use of a drug |
| Half life | the time takenfor the blood or plasma concentration of the drug to decrease from full to half |
| overdose | a toxic dose of a drug or other substance |
| side effects | results of a drug, or other therapy in addition to or in extension of, the desired therapeutic effects which are usua;;y, BUT NOT ALWAYS, undesireable. |
| Tolerance | the bodys slow adaptation to a drug, higher and higher doses are required to achieve the same effect; reduced responsiveness to a drug |
| Toxicity | the state of being noxious, refers to drugs ability to poison the body |
| Pharmacodynamics | means the study of the biochemical and physicologic effects of drugs in the body |
| receptor | specific cell recipient |
| Adverse Drug Reactions(ADR) | any unexpected obvious change in a patients condition that the physician suspect that may be due to a drug |
| Antagonist | an agent that acts in physiologic opposition; in pharmacology, it is an agent that prevents an agonist from binding to a receptor, there by blocking its effects |
Created by:
lakeytra.jackson
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