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Module 2

Week 2

Module 2 Week 2Module 2 Week 2Brand/Genetic/Class
a condition in which thyroid hormone secritions are above normal, often referred to as an overactive thyroid. Hyperthyrodism
An abnormal sensitivity generally resulting in an allergic reaction. Hypersensitivity
a potentially fatal hypersensitivity reaction producing severe respiratory distress and cardiovascular collapse. Anaphylactic Shock
The ability of a substance to harm the kidneys Nephrotoxicity
The ability of a substance to cause cancer. Carcinogenicity
The summation in effect when two drugs with similar pharmacological factors are taken. Additive Effects
When two drugs with similar pharmacological actions produce greater effects than the sum of individual effects. Synergism
A drug that antogonizes the toxic effects of another drug. Antidote
A drug bound to a plasma protein is removed when another drug of greater binding potential binds to the same protein. Displacement
A drug blocks the activity of metabolic enzymes in the liver. Inhibition
When element of ingested nutrients interact with a drug and effects the disposition of the drug. Drug-Diet Interactions
A chronic and potentially fatal liver disease whic occurs after long term alcohol abuse; it causes loss of function and increase resistance to blood flow through the liver. Cirrhosis
An inflammatory condition of the liver caused by viruses; the effects are less then in cirrhosis but long term exposure can progress into chronic disease with the same characteristics as cirrhosis. Acute Viral Hepatitis
A condition in which thyroid hormone secretions are below normal, often refferd to as an underactive thyroid. Hypothyroidism
Hepatotoxicity Hepato means "of the liver". Hepatotoxicities include hepatitis, hepatic necrosis, and biliary tract inflammation or obstruction. Commonly used acetaminophen, halathane, isoniazid, chlorpromazine, methotrixate, nitrofurantion, phenytoin, aspirin.
Liver disease Hepatic Disease
An unexpected reaction the first time a drug is taken, generally due the genetic causes. Idiosyncracy
The ability of a substance to cause abnormal fetal development when given to pregnent woman. Tetratogenicity
SA 1 Explain the meaning of the term "adverse effects", include example? Adverse effects means undesired effects and some examples of this are idiosyncracy, kidney failure, anorexia, nausea, and vomiting.
SA 2 Give at least 3 reasons why drug-drug interactions increase the effects of drugs? 1 Potentation-carbidopa+dopa=prolonged half-life of dopa and increased duration of anti-Parkinsonian effec. 2 Synergism-penicillin+gentamicin=increased antibacterial effects. 3 Additive Effects-trimethoprim+sulfamethoxazole for antabiotic effects
Age (Elder) Older than 70 years of age (everything slows down, changes in cardio system, low cardiac output) slows distribution of drug molecules
Pharmacogenetics (Genetics) New field of study which defines the hereditary basis of individual differences in ADME processes.
Psycological Factors Placebo effects (sugar pill used instead of a real pill, but patients do not know , and have reported that this pill has helped them to cure the disease).
Drug-Diet Interactions 1 When elements of ingested nutrients interact with a drug and his affects the disposition of a drug. 2 Foods containing thyromine while using MAO inhibitors may produce severe hypertension or intracranial hemorrhage.
Hematological Effects Blood coagulation, bleeding, and bone marrow disorders are potentially life threatening and can be caused by various drugs. Anticoagulants can cause excessive bleeding. Antineoplastic drugs may cause bone marrow depression.
Ideosyncretic Reaction An unexpected reaction to a drug the first time it is given to a patient. Such reactions are thought to be caused by genetic characteristics that alter the patient's drug metabolizing enzymes.
Created by: yelenadub
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