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PS: Ch 6-7
Ch. 6-7
| Question or Term | Answer or Definition |
|---|---|
| substance composed of one type of atom | element |
| idea that you cannot measure velocity and position simultaneously of an electron | Heisenberg uncertainty principle |
| bonding where ALL electrons are shared among ALL atoms | metallic |
| idea where the outermost shell wants to obtain eight electrons | octet rule |
| electrons shared by more than 2 atoms | delocalized |
| the name of the rows on the periodic table | period |
| theoretical pieces that may make up protons and neutrons | quarks |
| process of combining 2 nuclei | fusion |
| part of a solution that is dissolved | solute |
| the time required for one half of radioactive substance to decay into the daughter substance | half-life |
| Where in an atom are the protons and neutrons found | nucleus |
| protons have a __?__ charge | positive |
| neutrons have a __?__ charge | No |
| electrons have a __?__ charge | negative |
| substance that comes out of a solution | precipitate |
| mixture containing tiny clumps/particles | colloid |
| what will increase the rate a substance is dissolved | grinding, temperature increase, and stirring |
| molecules with the same types and number of atoms but in different arrangements | isomers |
| type of radioactive decay where an electron is lost | beta |
| atoms that have same element but different mass numbers or neutrons | isotopes |
| idea where no 2 electrons can have the same 4 quantum numbers | Pauli exclusion principle |
| type of chemical formula where the general arrangement of atoms in a molecule is shown | structural |
| 3 physical properties elements are divided into | metals, semimetals, and nonmetals |
| atom that has a positive charge because of losing an electron | cation |
| atom that has a negative charge because of gaining an electron | anion |
| only metal that is a liquid at room temperature | mercury |
| bonding that transfers electrons | ionic |
| idea that electrons do not absorb or release in a smooth flow but rather in sudden packets | quantum theory |
| when three pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms | triple covalent bond |
| when an atom is covalently bonded to an atom with different electronegativity | polar bond |
| simplest ratio of atoms in a nonmolecular compound | formula unit |
| most of the mass of the human body is made up of what element | oxygen |
| describes how the strength of atoms of an element pull on electrons in a chemical bond | electronegativity |
| when that atomic nucleus breaks up or changes by emitting radiation | radioactive decay |
| outermost shell contains what type of electrons | valence electrons |
| idea that elements show regular repeating properties when arranged by increasing atomic numbers | periodic law |
| if a substance has a strong intermolecular force has a __?__ boiling point than a substance with weak intermolecular force | higher |
| Ag | Silver |
| Au | Gold |
| K | Potassium |
| Na | Sodium |
| O | Oxygen |
| C | Carbon |
| B | Boron |
| N | Nitrogen |
| Pb | Lead |
| S | Sulfur |
| H | Hydrogen |
| Mn | Manganese |
| U | Uranium |
| F | Fluorine |
| minimum amount of fissionable material needed to cause a chain reaction | critical mass |
| diagram that shows the location of valence electrons in all atoms | lewis structure |
| sum of atomic masses of all atoms in a molecule | molecular mass |
| when molecules of a mixture are completely mixed together | homogeneous mixture |
| when molecules of a mixture are NOT completely mixed together | heterogeneous mixture |
| intermolecular force present in all polar molecules | dipole-dipole |
| intermolecular force is the attraction between oppositely charged ends of polar molecules | dipole-dipole |
| intermolecular force that occurs between all molecules | London forces |
| intermolecular force that has a temporary concentration of electrons resulting in a temporary dipole | London forces |
| strongest intermolecular force present | hydrogen bonding |
| Intermolecular force where hydrogen is present and bonded to a more electronegative atom | hydrogen bonding |
Created by:
Mrs. Sechrist
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