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rock vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| rock cycle | series of processes in which rock forms, changes form one type to another, destroyed and forms again by geological process |
| rock | naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals or organic matter |
| erosion | process by which wind, water,ice or gravity transports soil and sediment from one location to another |
| deposition | process which matter is laid down |
| composition | the chemical makeup of rock |
| texture | quality of rock that is based on the sizes,shapes, and positions of the rock grains |
| uplift | the rising of regions of the Earth's crust to higher elevations |
| intrusive igneous rock | rock formed by cooling and solidification of magma beneath the Earth |
| extrusive igneous rock | rock forms as a result of volcanic activity at or near Earth's surface |
| magma | semi-hot liquid in the Earth's crust |
| sills | sheet like intrusions that are oriented parallel to previous rock unit |
| plutons | large irregular-shaped intrusive bodies |
| batholiths | the largest of all igneous intrusions |
| mafic rock | dark colored rocks that are rich in calcium,iron,and magnesium have very little silicon |
| dikes | sheetlike that cut across previous rock units |
| lava flow | when lava erupts from volcano |
| starta | layers of rock |
| starttification | process in which sedimentary rocks are arranged in layers |
| ripple marks | wind and water waves on lakes, oceans, rivers and sand dunes |
| fossiliferous limestone | cemented animal remains |
| organic sedimentary rocks | either form when dissolved materials precipitate from solution or form from accumulation of plant or animal debris |
| mud cracks | fine-grained sediments st the bottom od the shallow |
| foliated | texture of metamorphic rocks in which mineral grains are arranged in planes or bands |
| nonfoliated | texture of metamorphic rocks in which mineral grains are not arranged in planes or bands |
| regional metamorphism | pressure builds up in rock that is buried deep below the other rock formations or when large pieces of the Earth's crust collide with each other |
| contact metamorphism | heat of rock gradually decreases as the rock's distance form the magma increases and temperature decreases |
| metamorphism | heated by nearby magma |
| index minerals | only some minerals form at certain pressure and temperature |
| recrystallization | during metamorphism mineral may change in size and composition |
| deformation | change in shape of a rock caused by a forced placed on it |
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