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Cardiovascular A&P
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What vessels carries oxygtenated blood from heart to body tissues? | IVC, SVC, AORTA |
| What veins and arteries carries deoxygenated blood from body tissues to the heart? | pulmonary arteries (2)pulmonary veins (4) |
| What is the pump of the systemic system? | heart |
| Heart rate is also knnown as the _______. | pulse |
| What is blood pressusre? | it is the contraction and relation of the heart as blood is pumped through |
| Systolic is the ___________ of the heart while diasstolic is the __________ of the heart. | contraction; resting |
| What two pieces of equipment are used to determione what a patients blood pressure is? | stethescope; sphygmomometer |
| Pericardium | lining membrane that covers heart |
| Visceral | lining membrane that covers the heart; also known as the epicardium |
| Parietal | lining membrane that covers outer part of pericardium |
| What are the three linings of the heart? | (begining from outside to inside)epicardium , myocardium, endocardium |
| Which side of the heart carries deoxygenated blood? | right side |
| Which side of the heart carries oxygenated blood? | left side |
| What are the four chambers of the heart? | right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle |
| The atrium receives blood from the ______ while the ventricles send blood to the _______. | veins, arteries |
| What is the purpose of the valves found in the heart? | To prevent backflow of blood in the heart |
| Backflow of blood into heart | regurgitation |
| What valve is found between the right atrium and right ventricle? | tricuspid valve |
| The ______ valve is found between the left atrium and the left ventricle. | bicuspid or mitral valve |
| The aortic valve is found between the _______ and _______. | Left ventricle and aorta |
| The semi lunar valve is found between the ______ and the ____? | right venetricle and pulmonary arterial trunk |
| What bifurcates off if the ascending aorta and into the LAD and circumflex? | Right and left coronary arteries |
| What is the flow of blood throught the heart? | IVC & SVC - RA - tricuspid valve - RV - pulmonary valve - pulmonary arteries (2) - alveoli of lungs - pulmonary veins (4) - LA - mitral valve - LV - aortic valve - aorta |
| What is the main purpose of the cardiovascular system? | maintain homeostasis, transport oxygen from lungs to body tissues and carbon dioxide from body tissues to lungs |
| 55% of blood is _____. | plasma |
| What is the function of blood? | Deliver oxygen and remove waste, transports food molecules (glucose, lipids, amino acids), transports ions (sodium, calcium), transports hormones, heat, wbc and lymphocytes |
| What is another name for a red blood cell? | erythrocyte |
| What gives blood its red color? | hemoglobin |
| Which is most radiosensitive, erythroblasts or erythrocytes? | erythroblasts (stem or immature RBC) |
| What is a normal RBC count? | 4-6 million/mm3 |
| What is a deficiency in RBC known as? | anemia |
| Where do erythroblasts mature? | bone marrow |
| What organ reclaims the majority of the hemoglobin after the matured RBC are ingested? | liver |
| These are germ fighting cells. | Leukocytes (white blood cells) |
| What is the normal WBC count? | 4-10 million/mm3 |
| Do RBC's have a nucleus? | no |
| What cell has a nucleus? | leukocytes |
| What are the two types of leukocytes? | agranulocytes and granulocytes |
| Name the two agranulocytes. | lymphocytes and monocytes |
| Name the three granulocytes. | neutrophils, eosinjophils, basophils |
| What is the most radiosensitive cell in humans? | lymphocytes |
| What are the three layers of a blood vessel? | tunica intima, tunica media (thickest layer), tunica adventitia |
| What are two things that distinguish viens from arteries? | veins have valves, you can not get a pulse from a vein |
| arterioles | smallest arteries |
| capillaries | smallest blood vessels |
| venules | smallest veins |
| State the branch or branches off of the left coronary artery. | anterior- LADposterior - circumflex |
| The 3 branches off of the aortic arch are the... | right brachiocephalic artery, left common carotid, left subclavian |
| Common hepatic artery, splenic artery, left gastric artery are branches of the ______. | celiac trunk |
| What are the branches of the common carotid? | right common carotid branches off to the right internal and right external carotidleft common carotid branches off to the left internal and left external carotid |
| The vertebral artery branches off of the _____. | subclavian artery |
| What are the arteries that come off of the abdominal aorta? | celiac trunk, superior mesenteric, middle suprarenal, renal, ovarian or testicular, common iliac, interior mesenteric, middle sacral, lumbar |
| What branches off of the internal carotid? | anterior andmiddle cerebral arteries |
| The vertebral arteries join to form the ______ artery, which braqnche3s into the _______. | basilar, right and left posterior cerebral arteries |
| What three arteries form the circle of willis? | basilar artery, right and left internal carotid |
| What are the four parts of the aorta? | ascending aorta, aortic arch, descending aorta, abdominal aorta |
| What are the five paired branches off of the descending aorta? | pericardial, esophageal, intercostal, bronchial, superior phrenic artery |
| Polycythemia | increase in the number of RBC's |
| Decrease in the number of white blood cells. | leukopenia |
| Increased white blooc cell count | leukocytosis |
Created by:
sr4095
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