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NECC Vent Modes 09
NECC Modes of Ventilation
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A control variable is the primary variable that the ventilator manipulates to cause inspiration. Name the three variables in the equation of motion that a ventilator can control. | Pressure, Volume, and Flow (Egan, Chapter 42, page 969) |
| During mechanical ventilation, what is the variable that is measured and used to end inspiration? | It is called the cycle variable. (Egan, Chapter 10, page 975) |
| True or False - PEEP is the application of pressure that improves oxygenation and helps to keep alveolar units open. | True (Egan, Chapter 42, page 975) |
| What lung capacity does PEEP elevate? | PEEP elevates a patient's FRC. (Egan, Chapter 43, page 975) |
| During Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation:a. All breaths are spontaneous breaths. b.Breaths can be either spontaneous or mandatory.c. All breaths are mandatory | B. During Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation breaths can be either spontaneous or mandatory. (Egan, Chapter 42, page 979) |
| Name 3 goals for Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation? | 1) Avoid intubation. 2) Decrease the incidence of ventilator associated pneumonias. 3)improve gas exchange.(Egan, Chapter 45, page 1095) |
| When using CPAP to treat acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema, what water pressure and percent oxygen should be set? A) 10-20 cm H2O with 50% oxygen B) 5-10 cm H2O with 40% oxygen C) 8 -10 cm H2O with 100% oxygen | c. 8-10 cm H2O with 100% oxygen(Egan, Chapter 45, page 1095) |
| True or False. COPD is the 4th leading cause of death in the United states. | True (Egan, Chapter 41, pg 957) |
| Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure is most commonly caused by: A) V/Q mismatch. B) shunt. C) hypoventilation. D) all of the above. | D. All of the above (Egan, Chapter 41, pg 962) |
| What are the main therapies to treat severe hypoxemia? | Increased FIO2 and PEEP (Egan, Chapter 41, page 962) |
| What is the main goal of therapy when treating (acute ventilatory failure)hypercapnic respiratory failure? | To bring the pH values back to normal. (Egan, Chapter 41, page 962) |
| What is the most impotant factor to consider when determining whether or not a patient needs ventilatory support? | The clinical status of the patient. (Egan, Chapter 41, page 962) |
| During invasive ventilatory support on a patient with obstructive lung disease what tidal volumes, respiratory rates, and flow rates should you set to avoid dynamic hyperinflation? | Lower tidal volumes(6 to 8 ml/kg), moderate respiratory rates, and high inspiratory flow rates(70 to 100 L/min.) are best to avoid dynamic hyperinflation. (Egan, Chapter 41, page 962) |
| When transporting a mechanically ventilated patient what device must you always bring with you? | You must always have a manually powered bag-valve mask. (Egan, Chapter 42, pg 967) |
| What are the 2 different power sources for a ventilator? | Either electrical energy or compressed gas. (Egan, Chapter 42, page 967) |
| What does the output control valve on a mechanical ventilator regulate? | The output control valve regulates the flow of gas to the patient. (Egan, Chapter 42, page 967) |
| It is improtant for the RT to set an appropriare trigger level and flow rate for the patient in CMV ventilation. What could happen if the pressure sensitivity is set too high for the patient on CMV? | The ventilator could autotrigger and cause hyperventilation, air-trapping, and patient anxiety.(Egan, chapter 42, page 989) |
| On a mechanical ventilator a --------- breath is a breath for which the machine sets the start time and/or the tidal volume. The machine triggers and/or cycles the breath. | Mandatory breath.(Egan, Chapter 42, pg 976) |
| True or False: During Continuous mandatory ventilation all breaths are manadatory. | True During CMV all breaths are mandatory. (Egan, Chapter 42, pg 976) |
| Most current evidence indicates that NPPV should be the standard of care for managing patients with what respiratory diseases? | Patients with COPD exacerbation and acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema. (Egan, Chapter 45, pg 1111) |
| How is oral and nasal dryness corrected during NPPV? | With a heated humidifier (about 30 degrees C) (Egan, Chapter 45, pg 1107) |
| What is the selection criteria for NPPV in the care of patients with acute respiratory failure? | Two or more of the following should be present:*use of accessory muscles *Paradoxical breathing *respiratory rate > or equal to 25 breaths/min. *Dyspnea *PaC02 > 45 mm Hg with PH < 7.35 *Pa02/FIO2 ratio <200 (Egan, Chapter 45, pg 1111) |
| Before NPPV is considered for patients with restrictive thoracic disorders, what symptoms must be present? | Nocturnal hypoventilation. (Egan Chapter 45, pg 1097) |
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