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Consciousness
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is consciousness | Your awareness of everything that goes on around you. Used to organize behavior, thoughts, sensations, and feelings |
| Waking consciousness v. altered conciousness | Waking: alert, clear, organized Altered: fuzzy, disorganized, unfocused |
| Give 4 esamples of altered states of consciousness | Drug induced states, spiritual experiences, a first kiss, skiing down a mountain. |
| What is hypnogogic state | An inbetween state - between being awake and asleep. Dreams an seem real because you are almost awake |
| REM rebound | Increased amount of REM sleep after being deprived of it the night before. |
| Micro-sleeps | You are sleep deprived, so your brain falls asleep but your body is awake |
| How long is the sleep cycle? What does that teach us about napping? | 90 minutes. It's better to take a 90 munite nap so you wake up feeling refreshed |
| Explain N1,2,3 and REM sleep | N1: light sleep, people woken up may not believe they were asleep, jerking happens here N2: sleep spindles, body temp drops, heart rate and breathing slows N3: deep sleep, body at lowest level of functioning REM: dreaming (bizaar, lucid, and vivid) |
| When do people feel most tired thoughout the day? | The urge to sleep is around 2-4 AM and PM |
| When do alpha, theta, delta, and beta waves occur? | Alpha: when you get drowsy Theta: with the sleep spindles (N1,2) Delta: deep sleep Beta: REM sleep |
| Circadian Rhythm, SCN, and Melatonin have in common? | SCN is your internal clock that tells you when to wake up and fall asleep. It releases Melationin. Melatonin regulates the circadian rhythm. That is a 24 hour biological rhythm that the sleep cycle follows |
| How much sleep do teenagers need? Adults? | teens: 9. Adults: 7-8 |
| What is the clock gene | Controls the release of melatonin - it governs the sleep cycle in humans |
| Talk about movement, dreams, and type of day for REM v. Non-REM | REM: No movement, after an emotionally exhausting day, vivid lucid dreams Non-REM: Movemnt, after a physical day, shorter more realistic dreams |
| Why do we dream? | The brain needs to make sense of thoughts and signals in your cortex and brain stem |
| Freud's dream theory | Dreams are wish fullfulments, they are symbolic of internal conflicts, events, and desires |
| 4 ways to prevent insomnia, and what causes insomnia | Anxiety is a cause - 4 ways to prevent it: o Go to bed when you’re tired o Only sleep in your bed o Don’t try too hard to get to sleep o Keep a regular schedule |
| Sleepwalking (somnambulism) | Walking or perofrming physical tasks while sleeping |
| Night Terrors | Extreme fear, agitation, screeming while asleep |
| Restless leg syndrome | Uncomfortable sensations that cause leg movment and loss of sleep |
| Nocurnal leg cramp | Cramps in your leg or foot |
| Hypersomnia | Excessive daytime sleepiness |
| Circadian sleep disorder | Disturbance of the sleep-wake cycle (jet lag, shift working) |
| Sleep paralysis | Muscles can't move during REM sleep |
| Insomnia | Inablity to get to sleep, stay asleep, or get a good quality of sleep |
| Sleep apnea | Causes you to stop breathing for 10 seconds or more |
| Narcolepsy | Sleep seizures - the person falls asleep without warning. they can't stay awake when they want/need to |
| Catalepsy | Sleep state which inhibits your muscles |
| Talk about Peter Tripp (effects, REM sleep, etc.) | Endured a 200 hour sleepless marathon. His brain would fall asleep and he would hallucinate during the REM sleep period. He hallucinated, heard voices, thought there were insects, became violent, mistook his doctor for an undertaker. |
| Conditioned Compensatory responce | Conditioned cues you receive from being in a certain place |
| Drug abuse v. Drug addiction | Drug abuse is using a drug irresponsibly while addiction is having a physical or psychological dependence on it |
| Drug tolerance | You need more drugs than normal to get the same effect because you got used to it |
| Physical v. Psychological dependence | Physical: your body can't act normally without the drug Psychological: Believing you need the drug to feel emotionally well even if there are no withdrawl symptoms or your body might not physically need it |
| Most addictive substance? Why? (4 reasons) | Nicotine. Reatches the pleasure center quick. More accessible. Smoking goes straight to the brain. More cues to make you want to smoke |
| Most addicting way to get drugs and why? | The quicker the drug gets to your brain, more drugs can get there. So snorting or smoking is the most addictive. The faster the drug gets to the brain, the greater the high |
| Utah has the lowest rate of what three things? Highest rate of what? Number 1 cause of death? | Lowest rate of alcohol, drug use, and binge drinking. Highest rate of prescription drug problems. Number 1 cause of death is overdose. |
| Function and example of Stimulant | Increases the functioning of the nervous system. Ex. cocaine, nicotine, caffeine, amphetamines |
| Function and example of Depressant | Decreases the functioning of the nervous system. Ex. Sleeping pills, valium, xanax |
| Function and example of hallucinogen | Alter perceptions and may cause hallucinations. Ex. LSD, Marijuana, PCP, Ecstasy |
| Barbituate v. Benzodiazepines | Depressants: Barbituates (major tranquilizers such as sleeping pills), Benzodiazepines (mild tranquilizers such as valium or Xanax) |
| Explain the pleasure center and dopamine system | There are dopamine changes in the pleasure center when you take the drug. I think that drugs go to the pleasure center and it releases dopamine, and if you use the drug enough, then your body won’t make the dopamine and you get sad without the drug |
Created by:
sara_hillyer
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