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7.2 and 7.3
Reading the physical and human landscape on OS maps.
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Relief | The shape of the physical landscape. |
| Lowland | An area of land that is below 200 metres in height. (Green on a map). |
| Mountain | A landform often with steep sides that is above 400 metres in height. |
| Hill | An area of land that is above 200 metres but below 400 metres. |
| Gap | A low area between two areas of upland. |
| Plateau | An upland area with steep sides and a fairly flat top. |
| Ridge | A long narrow area of upland with steep sides falling away from it. |
| Drainage | Refers to the ways that water flows in the landscape. |
| Communications | Refers to roads |
| Bridging points | Locations where bridges are built. |
| Settlement | A place where people live. |
| Ancient | This settlement is no longer occupied. |
| Burial sites | Megalithic tombs-dolmens-cairns-mounds-barrows-graveyards-ogham stones-standing stones. |
| Defence | Ring forts-crannógs-lios-forts-round towers-motte and bailey-castles. |
| Worship/religion | Stone circles-Bullaun stones-holy wells-cill-churches-friaries-abbeys-high crosses. |
| Altitude | The height above sea level. |
| Aspect | The direction in which a settlement faces. |
| South facing | These slopes attract settlement because they get more sunshine. |
| Nucleated | Houses are grouped together. |
| Linear | Ribboned settlement with houses built in a line along a road. |
| Dispersed | Individual houses are scattered around the countryside in a random pattern. |
| Urban | Refers to towns and cities and large villages. |
| Route focus | Where a number of roads meet. |
| Function | Refers to the services and activities that a town provides for the people who live or work nearby. |
| Coniferous forests | Planted on upland slopes. Help to prevent soil erosion. Also planted on poorly drained lowland areas. |
| Natural woodland | Deciduous trees. Associated with country estates and demesnes. |
| Agriculture | The main landuse in Ireland. |
| Bogs | Found on very flat land-does not have much settlement-may be planted with coniferous forests. |
| Áth | Crossing point of a river. |
| Cnoc | Hill |
| Carraig | Rock |
| Gleann | Valley |
| Loch | Lake |
| Trá | Beach. |
| Baile | Small town/townland. |
| Cill | Church |
| Fort | Dún-Lios-Rath. |