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Pharm Unit 13
SPC Pharmacology Unit 13 Exam 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the purpose of a Mucolytic? | Breaks down mucus |
| What is mucus? | a chain of amino sugars and amino acids linked together by disulfide bonds 95% water carbohydrates, lipids, glycoproteins |
| Mucolytic may promote what in asthmatics? | Severe bronchospasm in asthmatics |
| Mucolytic short term or long term use? | Short term 3-5 days then re-evaluate to determine need. |
| Mucomyst is an Antioxidant | free radical scavenger |
| What should be done after use of Mucomyst? | Rinse mouth after each use |
| What in more detail is the purpose of Mucomyst? | Lysis (disrupts) disulfide bonds Lowers mucus viscosity and elasticity |
| Why cant mucomyst be given to nauseated patients? | it smells and may promote nausea and vomiting |
| Allergy history to sulfides/sulfur is? | Not a contraindication to inhalation of mucomyst (n-acetylcysteine) |
| Mucomyst is compatible with? | Sympathomimetics |
| Mucomyst is not compatible with? | Antibiotics |
| What solutions are available to a mucolytic? | 10% and 20% |
| Which is recommended 10% or 20% solution? | 10% is recommended because it has a lesser incidence of side effects and clinically equally effective |
| Dornase Alfa also known as? | Pulmozyme |
| Pulmozyme | thins infectious mucus by disrupting the DNA bonds found in infectious mucus which makes it very vicous |
| HCA (Health Care Worker) should.... | Avoid inhalation during administration due to effects of DNA |
| How long can Pulomzyme be at room temperature? | No more than 24hrs or throw away |
| Pulmozyme ampoule must be... | Clear and Refrigerated. |
| When should Pulmozyme be administered? | Immediately after opening |
| T/F Pulmozyme should be administered in a dedicated nebulizer? | True |
| Don't breath it, administer it | Pulmozyme |
| Avoid if patient is on sodium restrictions or has metabolic alkalosis. | Sodium Bicarbonate |
| Sodium Bicarbonate is a? | Benign Mucolytic |
| Sodium Bicarbonate is administered by? | Instillation or Nebulization |
| Isotonic | 0.9% |
| Hypotonic | <0.9% Incidence of airway irritation is significantly less than other solutions |
| Hypertonic | >0.9% Promotes cough, may cause bronchospasm |
| Potassium Iodide (SSKI) | Reduces mucus elasticity and has a direct mucolytic effect |
| Surface Tension | Opposes Inspiration Opposed Alveolar Expansion Reduces stability of alveolus The force that resists the inflation of the alveolus (lung cant inflate) |
| Surfacant | Is a complex mixture of lipids and proteins produced by Type II cells. (Reduces surface tension) Lowers Surface tension so lung can inflate |
| Natural Surfactants | Potential Viral Infection Expensive Time Consuming to Prepare |
| Synthetic Surfactants | Free potential infectious agents Reduced Efficacy (response) Less costly Easy to Acquire |
| Dosing of Surfactants | Direct Instillation |
| Hazards of instillation of Surfactants | Airways obstruction Bradycardia Desaturation |
| The Surfactant Layer does what? | Promotes homogenous gel layer Prevents water loss from sol layer |
| Where is the surfactant layer? | Between the gel and the sol layer |
| Adverse reactions to Pulmozyme.... | Chest pain, irritation/inflammation of the eye, mouth, laryngitis |
| The goal of Surfactants | Reduce surface tension Promote lung inflation |
Created by:
Langhout1418
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