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Energy and Motion
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Reference point | A place or object used for comparison to determine if an object is in motion |
| Motion | The state in which one object’s distance from another is changing |
| Distance | the length of a path between two points |
| Displacement | The length and direction of a straight line between starting and ending points |
| Vector | A measurable quantity that consists of both a magnitude and a direction |
| Scalar | having only magnitude, not direction |
| Speed | the distance an object travels per unit of time |
| Velocity | speed in a given direction |
| Acceleration | the rate at which velocity changes |
| Work | A word that describes what is done on an object when force is exerted on an object that causes it to move |
| Energy | The ability to do work or cause change |
| Kinetic energy | energy that an object has due to its motion |
| Potential energy | stored energy that results from the position or shape of an object |
| Gravitational potential energy | potential energy related to an object’s height |
| Elastic potential energy | the energy of streached or compressed objects |
| Mechanical energy | an object’s combined kinetic energy and potential energy |
| Law of Conservation of Energy | the rule that energy cannot be created or destroyed |