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Rocks and Minerals

Vocabulary

TermDefinition
mineral an object that is solid, formed by nature, and has never been alive
rock a solid made of minerals
crust the solid outside layer of the Earth
mantle the middle layer of the Earth
core the center of the Earth
igneous rock a rock that was once melted rock, but has cooled and hardened
sedimentary rock a rock formed from material that has settled into layers and has been squeezed until it hardens into rock
metamorphic rock a rock that has been changed by heat and pressure
rock cycle the process in which one type of rock changes into another type of rock
fossil something that has lasted from a living thing that died long ago
luster the way a mineral shines or reflects light
geologist a scientist who studies the Earth and its rocks
hardness a measure of how easily a mineral can be scratched
streak the color that a mineral leaves behind when it is scratched
cleavage if a mineral breaks evenly along a smooth line, it has cleavage
magma liquid rock
metallic mineral a mineral that is shiny like metal
nonmetallic mineral a mineral that is dull or glassy looking
Created by: Mrs. Durden
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