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Fabrics

TermDefinition
broadcloth fine, tightly woven, plain weave. usually cotton or cotton/poly. used in blouses, shirts, petticoats, & linings
brocade raised pattern, usually backed by twill or satin weave. costumes from renaissance-18th c
burlap plain weave, jute fibers. used for peasant costumes
buckram plain weave. coarse and stiff. cotton. used as a stiffener for hats, shoulder wings, epaulets.
calico plain weave. cotton. medium weight & smooth surface. small designs printed on it. quilt and crafts, but also dresses & shirts for 19th & 20th c
challis soft, lightweight, plain weave. usually in a vivid floral pattern. rayon, cotton, or wool
cheesecloth plain weave. cotton. very loose weave. crafts like masks, and texturing on costumes
chiffon plain weave. soft, lightweight, sheer. made of filament yarns, like silk, acetate, rayon, or nylon.
china silk plain weave. silk. dance costumes
corduroy cut pile woven onto plain or twill. pile is made into rows called wales or ribs. usually cotton, maybe cotton/poly. coats, trousers, tailored women's costumes.
crepe variety of weaves and fibers. fabrics with puckered, crinkled, or pebbly surface.
denim twill weave. cotton or cotton/poly. usually blue warp and white weft.
felt non-woven. wool, acrylic, rayon, or polyester. not for fitted clothing. doesn't fray. hats and crafts.
flannel plain weave. wool. soft, napped surface. warm. trousers and suits. if cotton, then flannelette. shirts and sleepwear
gabardine twill weave. wool, or cotton. surface looks diagonal ribbed, but back is plain woven. strong. used in suits.
jersey simple knit fabric. plain stitches on right side, purl on wrong. any fiber. basic dance costume fabric.
milliskin knit. spandex.
monks cloth basket weave. cotton. even number of weft and warp. frays a lot. not for fitted garments.
muslin plain weave. cotton. petticoats, skirts, shirts, linings, fitting patterns, and flats
net any open mesh fabric.
satin satin weave. silk or man-made, like acetate. more warp than weft (floats).
sateen satin weave. cotton. more weft than warp (floats).
taffeta plain weave. originally silk, now acetate, rayon, and nylon. lightweight, lustrous, & crisp. weft are thicker, which gives it a ribbed effect. linings & petticoats
tweed plain, twill, or herringbone. wool. men's & women's tailored costumes.
velvet warp pile fabric. silk, rayon, nylon, or acetate. ground yarns can be different than pile fibers. one direction looks lighter than the other
velveteen warp pile fabric. cotton. backing can be twill or plain.
Created by: RosieG6
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