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Psychology Chapter 8

Vocab

QuestionAnswer
The pattern of continuity and change in human capabilities that occurs throughout life, involving both growth and decline. development
A research design in which a group of people are assessed on a psychological variable at one point in time. cross-sectional design
An individual's biological inheritance , especially his or her genes nature
An individual's environmental and social experiences nurture
A person's ability to to recover from or adapt to difficult times resilience
A research technique that involves giving an infant a choice of what object to look at preferential looking
A period of rapid skeletal and sexual maturation that occurs mainly in early adolescence puberty
An individual's incorporation of new information into existing knowledge assimilation
An individual's adjustment of his or her schemas to new information accommodation
Piaget's first stage of cognitive development, lasting from birth to about 2 years of age, during which infants construct an understanding of the world by coordinating sensory experiences with motor actions sensorimotor stage
Piaget's term for the crucial accomplishment of understanding that objects and events continue to exist even when they cannot be seen object permanence
Piaget's second stage of cognitive development, lasting from about 2 to 7 years of age , during which thought is more symbolic than sensorimotor thought. preoperational stage
Piaget's third stage of cognitive development, lasting from about 7 to 11 years replaces intuitive reasoning with logical reasoning in concrete situations. concrete operational stage
Piaget's fourth stage of cognitive development, which begins at 11 to 15 years of age and continues through the adult years. formal operational stage
Expert knowledge about the practical aspects of life wisdom
An individual's behavioral style and characteristic way of responding temperament
The close emotional attachment between an infant and its caregiver infant attachment
The ways that infants use their caregiver, usually their mother, as a secure base from which to explore the environment secure attachment
A restrictive, punitive style in which the parent exhorts the child to follow the parent's directions and to value hard work and effort. authoritarian parenting
A parenting style that encourages the child to be independent but still places limits and controls on behavior authoritative parenting
A parenting style characterized by a lack of parental involvement in the child's life neglectful parenting
A parenting style characterized by the placement of few limits on the child's behavior permissive parenting
The transition period from adolescence to adulthood, spanning about 18 to 25 years of age emerging adulthood
The social and psychological aspects of being male of female gender
Roles that reflect the individual's expectations for how females and males should think, act, and feel. gender roles
Hyde's proposition that men and women are much more similar than they are different. gender similarities hypothesis
Behavior that is intended to benefit other people prosocial behavior
Created by: Bsims
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