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Pharm Unit 10
SPC Pharmacology Unit 10 Exam 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Corticosteroids are? | Anti-Inflammatory Agents |
| Where are the corticosteroids located? | The Adrenal Glands (Upper surface of each kidney) |
| When stimulated what 3 hormones does the adrenal glands secretes? | Glucocorticoid, Mineralcorticoid, Sex Hormones |
| Corticosteroids Regulate? | Metabolism of proteins and carbohydrates Promotes production and storage of carbohydrates |
| Inflammation | Promotes healing, can be adverse if intense or chronic duration |
| Corticosteroids Action | Therapeutic, interferes with all stages of inflamation |
| 3 main differences of corticosteroids | 1. Cost 2. Side-effects 3. Potency |
| What are the effects on beta receptors? "Sympathomimetics" | Prolongs activity, Enhances # of beta receptors (upregulation), Enhances the response to sympathomimetcs |
| Types of steroid application? | PO, Topical, IM (Intramuscular), IV (Intravenous), Inhalation, Systemic |
| Steroid Pharmakonetics | Effects not immediate, May Take hours, Min dose required, Dose and time interval is speculative |
| What is the onset for steroids? | May take hours, not immediate |
| Alternate Day Therapy | Helps to reduce side effects |
| Long term use of steroids | Significant side-effects will occur, requires slow withdraw |
| Side effects of Systemic long term application | Fat deposits, abnormal hair growth, muscle loss, peptic ulcers, thinning of the skin, diabetes, mood swings, osteoporosis |
| How is Metabolic Alkalosis a side effect of Systemic steroids? | Promotes retention of HCO3 over long term use. |
| Systemic Administration (steroids) | Therapeutic dose- causes euphoria Depression follows as therapeutic blood levels fall |
| Inhaled Administration (steroids) | Side-effects are minimized, effects are more direct, dose is very low |
| Side-effects of Inhaled Steroids | Oral Fungal Disease, Bronchospasm |
| When should inhaled steroids be thrown away? | 45 days of use regardless of doses left |
| Recommendations for Inhalation steroids | Large Volume Spacer Rinse after each administration short acting pre-bronchodialator therapy |
| Steroids Metabolism & Excretion | Metabolizes in the liver Excretes in the kidneys |
| Pulmicort, Aerospan, Azmacort, Asmanex | DPI Corticosteroids |
| Solu-Cortef, Solu-Medrol, Prednisone, Decradron | Systemic Corticosteroids |
| Pulmicort & Rhinocort | Small Volume Nebulizer |
| Prednisone | Best PO (by mouth) |
| Solu-Medrol | Elevates Blood sugar |
| Decadron | Good for head injury |
| Solu-Cortef | IV (Intravenous) |
| Maximal Dose of Inhalation Steroids | adults < 800mcg/day children < 400mcg/day |
Created by:
Langhout1418
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